delicate. A suitable distinctive name would be high cirrus, or cirrus
excelsus.
[Illustration: Plate 6.
WINDY CIRRUS.
(_Cirrus Ventosus._)]
Lower down by thousands of metres come the feathery masses of typical
windy cirrus, such as are shown in Plate 6. Indeed, in cold winter
weather they occur within three or four thousand metres of the ground.
In the instance figured the wind was blowing from left to right, and
the clouds were travelling swiftly. The upper filaments appeared to be
repeatedly torn away from the main masses, while the long faint streaks
which trail below and behind are evidently due to streams of fine
particles falling from the main centres of condensation into a less
rapidly moving stratum below. There is no room for doubt that these
clouds, like others of a similar order, are formed by a direct passage
from the vapour to the solid, or that the fibres are made of minute
snowflakes. The condensation is evidently attended by rapid movements,
which draw out the cloud, as fast as it is formed, into long curving
lines which mark lines of motion. The variety is always, therefore, an
indication of strong winds and rapid eddying movements in the region
in which it occurs. Such strong disturbances overhead almost always
accompany similar but less intense movements at the ground-level, and
when they do not accompany them they precede them. The cloud is well
named windy cirrus, which may be converted into a specific name, cirrus
ventosus.
The next variety we come to (Plate 7) is in some ways rather similar.
It is, however, thinner, more delicate, and is entirely composed
of fine threads, which are more systematically arranged. Generally
there is a bundle, or several bundles, of long parallel fibres, which
form, so to say, the quill of the feather, with numbers of shorter
threads branching out from them at various angles. Cirrus ventosus was
indicative of irregular movements in various directions; this variety
points also to complicated movements, but executed in accordance with
some sort of system, strangely complex and wonderfully ordered. The
specimen figured is the type of what Mr. Ley called cirro-filum, or
thread cirrus, and his name can hardly be bettered. It is a cloud of
summer, and occurs rather high up in the cirrus zone, but no actual
measurements can be quoted. It is fairly common, but not nearly so
frequent as the last.
[Illustration: Plate 7.
THREAD CIRRUS.
(_Cirro-filum._)]
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