In Plate 15 we have an example of a cloud which is clearly
cirro-stratus, but the sheet is broken up into long bands, and each of
these is made up of common cirrus. In the upper part of the picture
the sprays of cirrus are forming, and as they come into being they
are arranged in rows. We have here to do with a phenomenon of a very
different order from the one presented by the true banded cirrus. The
arrangement into belts must here be due to some kind of wave-movement
in the air, breaking up the critical plane into long ribs transverse
to the direction of the wave-movement. The specimen shown was moving
in a direction nearly at right angles to the bands, though the surface
wind was nearly parallel to their length. The question at once
presented itself as to whether the movement of the bands was really a
drift of the cloud, or whether it was not a case of the propagation
of cloud production with the advancing wave. This was easily answered
by watching the details of a band. The advancing side was always
feathery, and careful observation showed that the edge advanced by
throwing out new threads and curls. A given thread or curl, one moment
at the edge, would in a few minutes be well in the band. Quite opposite
events were taking place in the rear of each band. The cloud was there
obviously melting away. Indeed, to sum the matter up, the cloud bands
flowed past their details just as the waves on the sea flow past the
floating foam. Evidently we have in Plate 15 the result of a plane of
commencing cirrus formation broken into a series of troughs and waves
by an undulatory movement of the air. But, as we have already said
when speaking of cirrus inconstans, the condition in which trifling
up-and-down movements can determine whether condensation shall, or
shall not, take place seldom lasts long. It is usually only a stage
in a continuous change, and in this particular instance the banded
structure was soon replaced by a fairly continuous sheet of typical
cirro-stratus.
[Illustration: Plate 15.
CIRRO-STRATUS.]
The next plate, No. 16, shows a similar process. In the upper part we
have cirrus inconstans forming in patches out of a deep clear-blue sky.
Its hazy fibres grow closer and closer, betraying a slight tendency to
gather in narrow ripple-like bands, but the structure is soon lost in
the uniform white sheet of interlacing fibres, which differ from common
cirrus in little else than their number and closeness. Nevertheless,
the stratiform arrangement is quite obvious enough to warrant the use
of the term “cirro-stratus.”
[Illustration: Plate 16.
CIRRO-STRATUS.
(_Cirro-stratus Communis._)]
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