out the loosened earth, the same work may be far more economically performed, inasmuch as the labourers being on their feet give not only their arms, but their whole body, to the exertion, and have not to raise themselves from a sitting position between each hole they have to make. SECTION XI. BUILDINGS, PLANTING, &c., IN CEYLON. These comprise a bungalow for the manager, lines, or huts, for the labourers, and pulping-house and store for the preparation and reception of the crop. Plate 5 shows the main works and buildings at Messrs. Worms’ estates, Puselawa, Ceylon. The position of the pulping-house should influence the selection of the spots for the other buildings, unless other circumstances determine it. The bungalow should, if possible, be an easy distance from the store, that the manager may without difficulty superintend the work, which at crop time is going on often at night as well as in the daytime. One set of lines for the labourers, for the same reason, should be near to the store, another set may be erected more centrically with reference to the field labour of the estate. With reference to lines and bungalow, especially the latter, they will be erected according to the manager’s taste, and in a great measure depend upon the material to be obtained in the particular locality for constructing them. True economy will be practised in making permanent and substantial dwellings which will require only slight repairs occasionally. The selection of the land for the pulping-house and stores and drying-ground is all important, and should only be attempted by a resident manager to whom a long residence on the plantation has afforded an intimate acquaintance with every feature of the land. The advantages which have to be [Illustration: Plate 5.--Main Works at Messrs. Worms’ Estates, Puselawa, Ceylon.] [Illustration: Plate 6.--The Pulping House, Messrs. Worms’ Estate, Puselawa.] sought and combined are, availability of water power, both to drive the machinery and for a water-course to the pulper, on a site convenient to the fields from which the crop is to be brought, and so level that it may be fitted for its purposes at the least possible expense. Water power is not always used, nor is it available on every estate; but as there may be often good reasons to adopt it afterwards, it should always be considered in the primary arrangements. It may be applied to so many economic objects--saw-mills, drying apparatus, &c.--that it should always be applied, if possible, to everything undertaken on the estate requiring a moving power. Plate 6 is an exterior view of a pulping-house on Messrs. Worms’ estates, Puselawa.