apple,--a tree-fruit; table,--a piece of household furniture; to promenade,--an activity; father,--chief of the family. This type is chiefly found in stupid persons, and it is therefore quite usual in imbecility. But it can also be found in persons who are not really stupid, but who do not wish _to be taken as stupid_. Thus a young student from whom associations were taken by an older intelligent woman student reacted altogether with definitions. The test-person was of the opinion that it was an examination in intelligence, and therefore directed most of his attention to the significance of the stimulus words; his associations, therefore, looked like those of an idiot. All idiots, however, do not react with definitions; probably only those react in this way who would like to appear smarter than they are, that is, those to whom their stupidity is painful. I call this widespread complex the "intelligence-complex." A normal test-person reacts in a most overdrawn manner as follows: anxiety--heart anguish; to kiss--love's unfolding; to kiss--perception of friendship. This type gives a constrained and unnatural impression. The test-persons wish to be more than they are, they wish to exert more influence than they really have. Hence we see that persons with an intelligence-complex are usually unnatural and constrained; that they are always somewhat stilted, or flowery; they show a predilection for complicated foreign words, high-sounding quotations, and other intellectual ornaments. In this way they wish to influence their fellow-beings, they wish to impress others with their apparent education and intelligence, and thus to compensate for their painful feeling of stupidity. The definition-type is closely related to the predicate-type, or, to express it more precisely, to the predicate-type expressing personal judgment (_Wertprädikattypus_). For example: flower--pretty; money--convenient; animal--ugly; knife--dangerous; death--ghastly. In the definition type the _intellectual_ significance of the stimulus word is rendered prominent, but in the predicate type its _emotional_ significance. There are predicate-types which show great exaggeration where reactions such as the following appear: piano--horrible; to sing--heavenly; mother--ardently loved; father--something good, nice, holy.