Considerations on the present peace, as far as it is relative to the colonies, and the African tradeVaughan, Robert
History
Considerations on the present peace, as far as it is relative to the colonies, and the African trade
Vaughan, Robert
Great Britain -- Colonies -- Commerce -- Early works to 1800; Slave trade -- Africa -- Early works to 1800
The _Gold Coast_, _Popo_, and _Whidah_ Negroes are born in a part
of Africa that is very barren; a small bullock carried thither from
another part, when fatted, will sell for near 32_l._ a sheep for
20_s._ four small fowls for 4_s._ sterling, and all other provisions
in proportion, except fish; and their coarse kind of bread, which
is their chief food. On that account, when able to take the hoe
in hand, they are obliged to go and cultivate the land for their
subsistance. They also live hardily; so that when they are carried
to our plantations (as they have been used to hard labour from their
infancy) they become a strong, robust people, and can live upon the
sort of food the planters allow them; which is, bread made of Indian
corn, and fish, such as herrings and pilchards sent from Britain,
and dried fish from North America, being such food as they lived
upon in their own country. Indeed they live better in general in our
plantations; and they are always ready, on their arrival there, to go
to the hard work necessary in planting and manufacturing the sugar
cane.
On the other hand, the _Gambia_, _Calabar_, _Boney_, and _Angola_
Negroes are brought from those parts of _Africa_, that are extremely
fertile, where every thing grows almost spontaneously; and where a
bullock may be bought for less than 20_s._ a sheep for 1_s._ and a
dozen of fowls for the same. They have every other necessary of life
in great plenty. On that account, the men never work, but lead an
indolent life, and are in general of a lazy disposition and tender
constitution; for the necessary work among them is done by the women,
which is little more than fetching wood to dress their victuals: so
that when those people are carried to our sugar islands, they are
obliged to be nursed, to be taken great care of, and brought to work
by degrees.
The planters, when the _Gold Coast_ and _Whidah_ Negroes were carried
to the sugar colonies, before the _French_ interfered in that trade,
found there was not a sufficient number to extend their cultivation,
by carrying on all the different planting business, and therefore
were accustomed to purchase those tender (the worst sort of) Negroes,
and employ them for household servants, to raise corn, aloes, look
after cattle, bring them up to trades and easy labour, knowing them
unfit for the hard work necessary in sugar-plantations.
The Negroes of the river _Gambia_ are better than the last-mentioned;
both of which are much more proper for the North American planters,
as they have plenty of provisions at a small expence, and, on that
account, can use them to gentle labour, and inure them, by degrees,
to work with the same sort of food they were accustomed to in their
own country.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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