Constantine the Great: The reorganization of the Empire and the triumph of the ChurchFirth, John B. (John Benjamin)
History
Constantine the Great: The reorganization of the Empire and the triumph of the Church
Firth, John B. (John Benjamin)
Church history -- Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600; Constantine I, Emperor of Rome, -337
It is, of course, quite impossible to compute the number of the victims,
but it was unquestionably very large. We do not, perhaps, hear of as
many bishops and priests being put to death as might have been expected,
but if the extreme rigour of the law had been enforced the Empire would
have been turned into a shambles. The fact is, as we have said, that
very much depended upon the personal character of the Governors and the
local magistrates. In some places altars were put up in the law courts
and no one was allowed either to bring or defend a suit without offering
sacrifice. In other towns they were erected in the market squares and by
the side of the public fountains, so that one could neither buy nor
sell, nor even draw water, without being challenged to do homage to the
gods. Some Governors, such as Datianus in Spain, Theotecnus in Galatia,
Urbanus of Palestine, and Hierocles of Bithynia and Egypt, were noted
for the ferocity with which they carried out the edicts; others—and,
when the evidence is carefully examined, the humane judges seem to have
formed the majority—presided with reluctance at these lamentable trials.
Many exhausted every means in their power to convert the prisoners back
to the old religion, partly from motives of humanity, and partly, no
doubt, because their success in this respect gained them the notice and
favour of their superiors.
We hear of magistrates who ordered the attendants of the court to place
by force a few grains of incense in the hands of the prisoner and make
him sprinkle it upon the altar, or to thrust into his mouth a portion of
the sacrificial meat. The victim would protest against his involuntary
defilement, but the magistrate would declare that the offering had been
made. Often, the judge sought to bribe the accused into apostasy. “If
you obey the Governor,” St. Victor of Galatia was told, “you shall have
the title of ‘Friend of Cæsar’ and a post in the palace.” Theotecnus
promised Theodotus of Ancyra “the favour of the Emperors, the highest
municipal dignities, and the priesthood of Apollo.” The bribe was great,
but it was withstood. The steadfast confessor gloried in replying to
every fresh taunt, entreaty, or bribe, “I am a Christian.” It was to him
the only, as well as the highest argument.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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