National Conditions Favourable to Socialism, 30--Germany, 30--Progress of Socialist Vote, 33--Action of Socialist Party in Reichstag, 34--Party Programme, 38--Halle Congress of 1891, 40--France, 45--Anarchists, 47--Socialist Revolutionary Party, 48--Possibilists, 50--Blanquists, 53--The Socialist Group in the Chamber, 53--Austria, 54--Italy, 57--Spain, 60--Portugal, 65--Norway and Sweden, 66--Denmark, 67--Belgium, 70--Holland, 72--Switzerland, 73--United States, 77--Boston Anarchists, 77--Mr. Henry George, 78--Mr. Bellamy's Nationalism, 79--Anarchists, 80--Socialistic Labour Party, 81--Knights of Labor, 82--England, 83--Social Democrats, 84--Anarchists, 86--Christian Socialists, 87--Fabians, 88--Land Nationalization, 89--Scotland, 90--Australia, 90. CHAPTER III. FERDINAND LASSALLE. German Socialists before Lassalle, 93--Favourable Conditions for Socialist Agitation in Germany, 94--Character of Lassalle, 96--The Hatzfeldt Case, 99--Theft of the _Cassette_, 100--Trial for Sedition, 101--Literary Activity, 102--Letter to Leipzig Working Men, 103--Foundation of General Working Men's Association, 105--Lassalle's Agitation, 105--His Death, 106--Funeral, 108--Political Views, 109--Idea and Position of the Working Class, 109--Functions of the State, 111--Economic Doctrines, 113--Anarchic Socialism of the present Industrial _Régime_, 117--Ricardo's "Iron Law" of Wages, 119--A National, not an International Socialist, 124--Internationally not Peculiar to Socialist Parties, 126--Reason of Socialist Condemnation of Patriotism, 127. CHAPTER IV. KARL MARX. Reception of his Work on Capital, 128--The Young Hegelians, 130--Feuerbach's Humanism, 131--"Young Germany," 136--Weitling and Albrecht, 137--Early Socialistic Leanings of Marx, 139--Marx in Paris, 141--in Brussels, 142--The Communist League, 142--Communist Manifesto of 1847, 144--_New Rhenish Gazette_, 146--Marx in London, 147--The International, its Rise and Fall, 149--Tendency to Division in Revolutionary Parties, 152--"Das Capital," 155--Historical Rise of Capitalism, 156--Origin of Surplus Value, 157--Theory of Value, 160--Price, 163--Criticism of his Theory of Value, 165--Wages, 166--Normal Day of Labour, 168--Machinery, 170--Piecework, 172--Relative Over-population, 174. CHAPTER V. THE FEDERALISM OF CARL MARLO. Rodbertus, 179--Professor Winkelblech (Marlo), 180--His Awakening to Social Misery, 180--Application to Economic Study for Solution, 181--View of Social Problem, 182--Heathen Idea of Right (Monopolism) to be replaced by Christian Idea of Right (Panpolism), 183--Liberalism and Communism both Utopias, 184--Federalism alone realizes Christian Idea of Right, 188--Natural Right of all to Property, 189--Right to Labour and to Fruits of Labour, 191--Necessity of Controlling Increase of Population, 192--Of Suppressing Unproductive Acquisition, 193--Collectivization of Land and Productive Capital, 193. CHAPTER VI. THE SOCIALISTS OF THE CHAIR.