Cork: Its Origin and Industrial UsesStecher, Gilbert Erwin
Science
Cork: Its Origin and Industrial Uses
Stecher, Gilbert Erwin
Cork
In further study it has been found that no matter what compression is
used, providing there is no disintegration, the corkwood will retain
just that slight spongy character that so marks its growth.
In analyzing this solid matter, Ure found by treating it with nitric
acid the yielding was:
White fibrous matter (cellulose). 0.18 parts
Resin ........................... 14.72 “
Oxalic acid ..................... 16.00 “
Suberic acid .................... 14.4 “
───────────
45.30 parts
Chevruel in an analysis of corkwood states that he found the following
constitutents, but he does not give percentages:
Cerin, a soft fragrant resin.
Yellow and red coloring matter.
Quercitannic acid.
Gallic acid.
A brown nitrogenous substance.
Salts of vegetable acids.
Calcium.
Water.
Suberic acid.
Suberin (cellulose).
I am inclined to think that Chevruel selected a poor grade of cork, full
of stone cells and Jasperado, as his findings include much that would
indicate that was the case.
In further defining the various substances which go to make up the body
of corkwood the one that is most impressive is that substance that is
peculiar to cork itself, the others being readily known, but suberic
acid is the one of interest, and this is described by Fownes as a
product of the oxidation of cork by nitric acid; is a white crystalline
powder, sparingly soluble in cold water, fusible and volatile by heat,
the chemical formula given being (C_{4}H_{14}O_{4}). Suberic acid is
also described as a dibasic acid which forms small granular crystals
very soluble in boiling water, alcohol and ether. It fuses at 300
degrees Fahrenheit and sublimes in acidular crystals. It is also
produced when nitric acid acts on stearic, margaric or oleic acid. The
chemical analysis is given as (C_{8}H_{14}O_{4}) and I am inclined to
believe it is the truer one, as it is much later than Fownes’.
This suberic acid has been further broken up to ascertain its
fundamental characteristics and it was found to partake of the two
compounds suberone and suberate.
Suberone (C_{14}H_{24}O_{2}) being regarded as the ketone of suberic
acid, an aromatic liquid compound obtained when suberic acid is
distilled with an excess of lime.[24] Also described as a colorless oil
with an odor of peppermint and a boiling point of 179 to 181 degrees
Centigrade, chemical formula, Suberone—Cycloheptanone—
CH_{2} . CH_{2} . CH_{2}
/
CO
\
CH_{2} . CH_{2} . CH_{2}
[24] “Standard Dictionary.”
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