This clearly shows that there is some miscalculation in the Ujjain estimate of the Sun’s ingress, and I am confirmed in this by a note from Dr. Ramanan in which he says that “According to Bhaskaracharya in his _Graha-ganitádhyáya_, the Vernal Equinox of Kali Yuga 3628 (A.D. 527), coincided with the starting-point of the Hindu ecliptic.” He adds that “the so-called fixed Indian Zodiac is not thought to be really fixed, but is subject to a slow motion of about 8´´ per year eastwards. The zero point of Indian longitude is thus subject to a slight annual displacement, and this motion is a practical postulate of Hindu Siddhántas.” But so far we have based all our calculations on estimates made from the Hindu Siddhánta and not from modern observations. Necessarily correct evaluations made from the same source would work out to the same figures, and it is therefore important that we should again check the results by reference to modern sources. In the Panchángam for Kumbakonam 1912 it is stated that the Sun enters Vrishabham (constellation Taurus) on 13th May at 36 gh. 5 vigh. after sunrise. Sunrise at Kumbakonam, Lat. 11° North, on this date— Tan. log. of 11 degs. 9·28865 For lat. 51° 30´ 0·09939 Sun’s decl. 6 a.m., 18.18 9·51946 9·51946 ———————— ——————— Sine log., 3° 41´ 18·80811 Sine log., 24° 34´ 9·61885 less 3° 41´ ——————— 20° 53´ 4 ————————— 83m. 32s.—1h. 23m. 32s. This represents the difference of sunrise due to latitude. That is to say, a place in 11° North latitude, and on the same meridian as Greenwich, would have its sunrise 1 hr. 24 min. later than Greenwich on the 13th May, 1912. Now the sunrise on this date at Greenwich was at 4 hrs. 13 min. a.m., and therefore at Kumbakonam the sunrise would be at 5 hrs. 37 min. a.m. The longitude of Kumbakonam is 5 hrs. 18 min. east of Greenwich, and the equivalent Greenwich time of sunrise at Kumbakonam will be G.M.T., 0 hr. 19 min. a.m. The Sun’s longitude at this time according to the Greenwich ephemeris is 1s. 21° 51´ 57´´, which we may call Taurus 21° 52´. This, therefore, represents the Indian estimate of the present value of Ayanámsha.