Rosellini, M. C., plate XCVII., and Wilkinson’s Topography of Thebes, p. 109. Footnote 34: Rosellini, M. C. Plate 126. Footnote 35: Idem. Vol. 1, Plate 4. Footnote 36: Idem. M. C. Plate 41. Footnote 37: Idem. M. C. Plate 37. Footnote 38: Idem. M. C. Plate 86. Footnote 39: Idem. M. C. Plate 29. Footnote 40: Rosellini, M. C. Plate 132, Fig. 1. Footnote 41: Idem. Plate 127, Fig. 1. Footnote 42: Trans. Royal Society of London, 1794, passim, and Plate 16, Fig. 2, of that work. Footnote 43: Ancient Egypt, p, 46, 47. Footnote 44: The learned Dr. Beke reverses the route, and supposes that the “Cushite descendants of Ham” first settled on the western side of the Arabian Peninsula, crossed thence into Ethiopia, and descending the Nile, became the Egyptians of after times.—Origines Biblicæ, 1, p. 162. Footnote 45: I use the terms Libyan and Ethiopian as they are handed down to us from antiquity. “Speaking with all the precision I am able,” says Herodotus, “the country I have been describing is inhabited by four nations only; of these _two are natives_ and two are strangers. The natives are the _Libyans_ ([Greek: Dibyes]) and the Ethiopians, ([Greek: Aithiopes]); one of which possesses the northern, the other the southern parts of Africa. The strangers are the Phoenicians and the Greeks.”—Melpomene, 197. In the days of Herodotus nomad Libyans still inhabited the vicinity of Avaris. Footnote 46: I use the word _aboriginal_ in this place with some reservation. It has been supposed by learned authorities that Africa was peopled by Negroes before the Hamitic tribes entered that country. I do not suppose Ham to have been the progenitor of the Negro race; and, with Dr. Wiseman, Mr. Lawrence and many others, I regard as a “conjecture” in Science, that doctrine which would attribute the physical gradations between the white man and the Negro to any other natural process than that of direct amalgamation.—Lawrence, Lectures on Zoology, 8th edit. p. 264. Wiseman, Lectures, 2d edit. p. 158. Beke, Origines Biblicæ, Tom. I., p. 162. Footnote 47: These Letters, which are addressed to Peter S. Duponceau, Esq., are contained in the fourth volume of the Transactions of this Society; and to this source the reader is referred for a mass of interesting details which is necessarily excluded in this place. The valuable communications of Mr. Shaler, also addressed to Mr. Duponceau, are published in the second volume of the same work. Footnote 48: