Creation Myths of Primitive America: In relation to the Religious History and Mental Development of Mankind — John Shaqi
Creation Myths of Primitive America: In relation to the Religious History and Mental Development of MankindCurtin, Jeremiah
Religion
Creation Myths of Primitive America: In relation to the Religious History and Mental Development of Mankind
Curtin, Jeremiah
Creation -- Mythology; Indian mythology -- North America; Indians of North America -- Folklore
This preparation to become seers or sorcerers among Indians is of
very deep interest. I have given a considerable number of details on
the subject in notes to "Kol Tibichi." The spirit of any plant, any
star, or other personage in creation may become a man's attendant. In
our popular phraseology, this is called his "medicine."
In a Modoc myth the morning star is the attendant of the sun.
According to this myth the sun is destroyed every day physically, is
consumed into a heap of ashes; but as the sun has an immortal golden
disk in his body, a disk which contains his whole existence, he can
never perish. This disk remains always in the heap of ashes. There is
a condition, however, incident to the sun's resurrection: he must be
called. Every morning some one must rouse him, as a hireling is roused
to his daily labor. The morning star has that duty, and will never be
freed from it. While the sun exists, the morning star must call him.
At the summons of the star the golden disk springs from the pile of
ashes, the sun is renewed completely, and goes forth to run his race
till consumed again in the evening. Here we have the Phœnix rising
from its ashes daily instead of once in five centuries.
The system outlined in the myths contained in this volume is that of
the Wintus and Yanas, two stocks of Indians whom I shall describe
somewhat later.
The Wintu system is remarkable for the peculiar development of the
chief divinity, Olelbis, called also Nomhliëstawa.
The word "Olelbis" is formed of three etymological elements: ol, up;
el, in; bis, dwelling or sitting,--dwelling on high. Nomhliëstawa is
formed also of three elements: nom, west; hliës, to hurl; and tawa,
left-handed. Both names are epithets, and the Wintus have forgotten
who or what their chief divinity is; at least I have not been able to
find a man among them who could give information on this subject.
Olelbis lives in the highest part of the sky; with him are the best of
the first people. From his beautiful house, Olelpanti Hlut, he sees
everything on earth, and seems more real and familiar than any
divinity connected with other tribes. He is certainly more effective
in management, more active than any divinity of other Indian stocks,
so far as I know.
Olelbis disposes of the first people, except in a few cases, and he
retains with himself whomsoever he likes. He sends to the earth and
transforms those whom he thinks more useful below than above, and
gives the example of a single ruling divinity which, without being
all-powerful or all-wise, is able, through the knowledge and services
of others, to bear rule over the world in all places and everywhere.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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