Public opinion; Public relations; Publicity; Social psychology
“We print,” says the _New York Times_, “all the news that’s fit to
print.” Immediately the question arises (as Elmer Davis, the historian
of the _Times_ tells us that it did when the motto was first adopted)
what news _is_ fit to print? By what standard is the editorial decision
reached which includes one kind of news and excludes another kind? The
_Times_ itself has not been, in its long and conspicuously successful
career, entirely free from difficulties on this point.
Thus in “The History of The _New York Times_,” Mr. Davis feels the
need for justifying the extent to which that paper featured Theodore
Tilton’s action against the Rev. Henry Ward Beecher for alienation
of Mrs. Tilton’s affections and his conduct with her. Mr. Davis says
(pages 124-125): “No doubt a good many readers of the _Times_ thought
that the paper was giving an undue amount of space to this chronicle
of sin and suffering. Those complaints come in often enough even in
these days from readers who appreciate the paper’s general reluctance
to display news of this sort, and wonder why a good general rule
should occasionally be violated. But there was a reason in the Beecher
case, as there has usually been a reason in similar affairs since.
Dr. Beecher was one of the most prominent clergymen in the country;
there was a natural curiosity as to whether he was practicing what
he preached. One of the counsel at the trial declared that ‘all
Christendom was hanging on its outcome.’ Full reporting of its course
was not a mere pandering to vulgar curiosity, but a recognition of the
value of the case as news.”
The simple fact that such a slogan can exist and be accepted is for
our purpose an important point. Somewhere there must be a standard
to which the editors of the _Times_ can conform, as well as a large
clientele of constant readers to whom that standard is satisfactory.
“Fit” must be defined by the editors of the _Times_ in a way which
meets with the approval of enough persons to enable the paper to
maintain its reading public. As soon, however, as the definition is
attempted, difficulties arise.
Professor W. G. Bleyer, in an article in his book on journalism,
first stresses the importance of completeness in the news columns of
a paper, then goes on to say that “the only important limitations
to completeness are those imposed by the commonly accepted ideas of
decency embodied in the words, ‘All the news that’s fit to print’ and
by the rights of privacy. Carefully edited newspapers discriminate
between what the public is entitled to know and what an individual has
a right to keep private.”
On the other hand, when Professor Bleyer attempts to define what
news is fit to print and what the public is entitled to know, he
discusses generalizations capable of wide and frequently inconsistent
interpretation. “News,” says he, “is anything timely which is
significant to newspaper readers in their relations to the community,
the state and the nation.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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