CHAPTER III. 32 Arab Tree Worship--Story of Kaimun, the captive slave--Miracle of the Date Tree--Persian bushes--Plane-tree--The Great Cypress--The old man of Diarbekir--The Fervüers--Anecdote of Xerxes--Anecdote of a merchant and his wife--The bush of the "Excellent" Tree--The Cypresses of the Zoroaster--Motawakel-- The Triple-tree of Abraham--Tree of the Club of Hercules--The Tree of Passienus Crispus--The Virgin Mary's Fig-tree--Tree of Mohammed's Staff--The Neema-tree of the Gallas--Irish Superstitions--Saint Valeri--People of Livonia--Destruction of a Sacred Tree. CHAPTER IV. 44 The Bogaha of Ceylon, or God-tree--The Maha Wanse and the Bo-tree--Ceremonies connected with the transplantation of the Bo-tree--Planting the great Bo-branch--Miracles of the Bo-tree--The State Elephant--The Pipal Tree. CHAPTER V. 58 Sacred Trees very ancient in Egypt--Hebrew Trees--The Sycamore at Matarea--Ionic Forms--The Koran on Mary and the Palm-tree-- Sacredness of the Palm in Egypt--Tree Worship in Dahome--The Sacred Tree of the Canary Isles. CHAPTER VI. 64 Usefulness of the Ash-tree--Its position among Sacred Trees-- The Queen of Trees--Mythology of the Ash--Scotch Superstitious Usages--The "Ash Faggot Ball" of Somersetshire--Pliny and others on the Serpent and the Ash--The Ash as a medium of cure of complaints--Anecdotes--Phallic Associations--The New-birth-- Ireland and the Ash--The Juniper-Tree--The Madonna and the Juniper--The Elm-tree--Mythology of the Elm--The Apple-tree-- Mythological allusions to the Apple-tree--The Pine-tree--Wind Spirits--German Superstitions--The Oak-tree--Universal Sacredness of the Oak--The Oak of the Hebrew Scriptures--Classic Oaks--Socrates and his Oath--Greek Sayings--The Trees Speaking-- Sacred Ash of Dodona--Legend of Philemon and Baucis--The Hamadryads--The Yule Log--St. Boniface--Mysteries connected with the Oak--Christmas-trees. CHAPTER VII. 85 Icelandic Customs--The Sacred Ash--The Prose Edda and Tree Worship--Icelandic Mythology of the Ash--The Norns--The Czeremissa of the Wolga--The Jakuhti--Sacred Trees of Livonia--Phallic Tree Worship and objects in Bavaria. TREE WORSHIP. CHAPTER I. _Characteristics of Trees--Naturalness of Tree Worship--Origin of the Worship--The Tree of Life--Ancient Types--A Tree as a Symbol of Life--Poetical Associations--Sacred Fig Tree--India specially a Land of Tree Worship--Trees identified with Gods--Meritoriousness of Planting Trees--Auspicious and Inauspicious Trees--Ceremonies connected with Tree Worship--Invocations of Tree Gods--Banian Tree--Ritual Directions--Santal Worship._