Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 05 (of 10)American School of Correspondence
General
Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 05 (of 10)
American School of Correspondence
Accounting; Business; Commerce
If more than one class of produce is shipped to an agent at the same
time it is best to make invoices for each, treating them as independent
shipments. Each package should bear a number or other mark by which it
can be identified as belonging to a particular shipment.
=41. Shipment Ledger.= An ordinary ledger can be used or a special form
prepared. Since the debit side of the account will require much the
greater amount of space, special forms are quite desirable. A convenient
form is illustrated on page 55.
=42. Cash Book.= Tabular cash books with special arrangement of the
column headings are used. The special features are the column on the
credit side headed _shipment expense_, and the debit column headed
_shipment ledger_. The shipment expense column is for the expenses paid
on each shipment. Expenses are posted direct to the debit of the
individual shipment accounts, and at the end of the month the total
expense is posted to the debit of the shipment ledger controlling
account. The shipment ledger column is for net proceeds remitted with
account sales. The amounts are posted to the credit of shipment
accounts, and the total is posted at the end of the month to the credit
of shipment ledger controlling account.
The sundries column is for receipts other than remittances with account
sales—as payments by agents who have not remitted with account sales.
[Illustration:
Shipment Ledger for Commission Business
]
[Illustration:
Cash Journal for Commission Business
]
=43. Shipment Ledger Account.= This is the controlling account of the
shipment ledger. It is charged with total shipments through the shipment
book; with advance expenses through cash book or journal; credited with
net proceeds through cash book or journal. It must also be charged with
profits on shipments, or it will not represent the total balance of
shipment ledger.
When net proceeds are credited, the individual shipment account should
be charged, through the journal, with the net profit, which is credited
to _Profit and Loss on Shipments_. A special credit column is provided
in the journal for profits, or if a record of profits on each class of
produce is desired, two or more columns are provided. Monthly totals are
posted to the credit of profit and loss on shipment account, or to more
than one such account—as _profit on poultry_, _profit on butter and
eggs, etc._ The total of all profit columns, which represents debits to
shipment accounts, is charged to shipment ledger account.
It is to be supposed that losses will be few, and when one is incurred
the entries should be made through the journal. The amount will be
charged to profit and loss on shipment account and credited to both the
individual shipment account and shipment ledger account.
=44. Journal.= As already explained, the journal should be provided with
extra columns for profits on each class of shipment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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