Vague Origin of our Domestic Animals 52 Descent of the Domestic Pigeon 53 Origin of the Dog 55 Origin of the Horse 57 Causes of Modifications in the Horse 58 “Making the Works of God a mere Mockery” 59 Variability of Cultivated Plants 61 Savage Wisdom in the Cultivation of Plants 62 Unknown Laws of Inheritance 64 Laws of Inheritance that are fairly well established 66 Inherited Peculiarities in Man 67 Inherited Diseases 68 Causes of Non-Inheritance 69 Steps by which Domestic Races have been produced 71 Unconscious Selection 73 Adaptation of Animals to the Fancies of Man 74 Doubtful Species 75 Species an Arbitrary Term 77 The True Plan of Creation 79 IV. THE STRUGGLE FOR EXISTENCE. Death inevitable in the Fight for Life 82 “Inexplicable on the Theory of Creation” 84 Obscure Checks to Increase 85 Climate as a Check to Increase 86 Influence of Insects in the Struggle for Existence 88 No such Thing as Change in the Result of the Struggle 90 V. NATURAL SELECTION; OR, THE SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST. An Invented Hypothesis 93 How far the Theory may be extended 94 Is there any Limit to what Selection can effect? 96 Has Organization advanced? 97 A Higher Workmanship than Man’s 99 Why Habits and Structure are not in Agreement 102 No Modification in one Species designed for the Good of Another 103 Illustrations of the Action of Natural Selection 106 Divergence of Character 108 Evolution of the Human Eye 110 VI. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC BEINGS. Isolated Continents never were united 115 Means of Dispersal 116 These Means of Transport not accidental 118