The Evolution of Language 185 Development of Languages and Species compared 188 The Sense of Beauty 191 Development of the Ear for Music 192 IX. DEVELOPMENT OF THE MORAL SENSE. From the Social Instincts to the Moral Sense 195 Human Sympathy among Animals 197 The Love of Approbation 199 Fellow-Feeling for our Fellow-Animals 200 Development of the Golden Rule 201 Regret peculiar to Man, and why 202 Remorse explained 204 Development of Self-Control 205 Variability of Conscience 207 Progress not an Invariable Rule 209 All Civilized Nations are the Descendants of Barbarians 210 “The Ennobling Belief in God” 213 X. THE GENEALOGY OF MAN. Man a Sub-Order 218 The Birthplace of Man 221 Origin of the Vertebrata 224 From no Bone to Backbone 226 Does Mankind consist of Several Species? 228 The Races graduate into each other 229 Was the First Man a Speaking Animal? 231 The Theory of a Single Pair 231 Civilized out of Existence 233 XI. SEXUAL SELECTION AS AN AGENCY TO ACCOUNT FOR THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE RACES OF MAN. Struggle of the Males for the Possession of the Females 236 Courtship among the Lower Animals 237 Why the Male plays the more Active Part in Courting 239 Transmission of Sexual Characteristics 240 An Objection answered 242 Difference between the Sexes created by Sexual Selection 243 How Woman could be made to reach the Standard of Man 246 “Characteristic Selfishness of Man” 247 No Universal Standard of Beauty among Mankind 248 Development of the Beard 249 Development of the Marriage-Tie 250 Unnatural Selection in Marriage 252 Modifying Influences in Both Sexes 254