Day Symbols of the Maya Year: Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-1895, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 199-266.Thomas, Cyrus
Religion
Day Symbols of the Maya Year: Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-1895, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 199-266.
Thomas, Cyrus
Maya calendar
Now it is well known that "yellow" is one of the primary meanings of
_kan_, and that the word is closely associated with fruit, the "yellow"
referring in a large degree to the ripening fruit, especially of the
maize plant. According to Henderson one signification of _kan_ is "ripe,
as fruit, timber," and, according to Perez, _kankanil_ is "sazon en
[que] las frutas, aunque no esten maduras por estar las mas tomando el
color amarillo." In Cakchiquel _kan_ (_gan_) signifies "yellow, ripe,
rich." According to Otto Stoll, _vuich_ (or _vuach_), which is almost
identical with the Zapotec name of the day, is the word for "fruit" in
several of the Maya dialects. According to the vocabulary of Cordova, as
given by Ternaux-Compans, "yellow" in Zapotec is _nagache_, and in
Fuller's MS. Vocabulary it is _na-gutchi_, the _na_ being a prefix
signifying "thing." The anonymous author, however, writes it _brechii_.
We also notice that "gold" in this language is _yache_, probably
referring to the color. It is likely, therefore, that the Zapotec name
of this day signifies "yellow, ripe, mature," referring to fruits,
especially maize.
When maize was introduced into New Zealand it was named _kanga_,
probably after the Malay _tangkai_, the name for an "ear of corn." The
Meztitlan name of the day is _Xilotl_, "an ear of corn," or "a young
maize shoot." These facts seem to show that the symbol has some
reference to maize, and tend to confirm the view expressed above, that
the compound symbol shown in plate LXIV, 9, denotes "maize bread." The
presence of the _kan_ character in the symbol of the month _Cumhu_ or
_Cumku_ or _Humku_ (plate LXV, 7) is difficult to explain on the theory
that it retains here the signification given it as the symbol of the day
_Kan_, whether considered ideographic or phonetic, unless we suppose
the name is incomplete and should have _kan_ added to it. I am somewhat
disposed to believe that it is sometimes used alone to denote bread, and
is then to be interpreted by _uah_. Take, for example, the figure in
Tro. 30d. Here we see a dog seated on a _kan_ symbol, with the same
symbol taking the place of the eye. As _pek_ is dog in Maya and _pecuah_
the tortilla or bread of maize, and the compound glyph in plate LXIV, 9,
is in the text, this may be an instance of the true rebus method of
representing a word. Another instance of a similar character will be
given under the day _Caban_. Possibly the _kan_ glyph in the month
symbol may have there the signification _uah_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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