Day Symbols of the Maya Year: Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-1895, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 199-266.Thomas, Cyrus
Religion
Day Symbols of the Maya Year: Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-1895, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 199-266.
Thomas, Cyrus
Maya calendar
The glyphs in LXVII, 50 and 51 (Cort. 21), probably signify "night" and
"evening"; the first (50), _akab_, "night," and the second (51),
_kankin_, one signification of which, according to Henderson, is
"evening." The wing-like appendage is probably a time determinative.
These last interpretations are of course given with some doubt. However,
this may be said in their favor, that wing-like appendages are usually
attached to time symbols, and that the figures below the text represent
persons, each of whom carries what appears to be a wheel, possibly like
those used in keeping time, and the main character of the preceding
symbol in both cases is the _Manik_ glyph, having _ch_ as its chief
phonetic element and _chackinil_, signifying "hours, wheel." Precisely
the same symbol as LXVII, 51, preceded by the _Manik_ glyph, and a wheel
in the hand of the person figured below the text, is seen in Troano
35d.
The character shown in LXVII, 52, from Tro. 35c, may possibly be
correctly rendered by _bakah_ (_baakal_), "to roll round about, to go
round about," alluding to the flight of the vulture figured below the
text. This supposition appears to be strengthened by the probable
interpretation of the symbol immediately below it (LXVII, 53),
_malaalahah_, "without repeated buffetings." The character given in
LXVIII, 3, from Tro. 31a, may be interpreted _pak_, "to sow seed, to
plant," and that shown in LXVIII, 4, from the second division of the
same plate, indicates the same word, as the transposition of the parts
of a symbol does not always indicate a change of signification.
Possibly, however, its equivalent may be _capak_, "to reseed or sow seed
the second time," or _kapak_, "to place in a trench or hole." As the
persons figured below the text appear to be planting seed by dibbling
them in with a stick, this would seem to be an appropriate rendering. Dr
Seler appears to have entirely misunderstood these figures, as he thinks
they represent the deities pouring out water. I have in a previous part
of this paper given some reasons for believing that these plates refer
to the planting and cultivation of corn.
These examples will suffice at this point.
It is difficult to decide as to the origin of the glyph. However, I am
inclined to believe it has grown out of a conventional symbol for wood,
possibly drawn from the little knots and marks seen on the inside
surface of split wood. This may be wide of the true explanation, but all
the indications I can find point in this direction. As "wood" (_leña_)
in Zotzil (I do not know what it is in Tzental) is _ci_--equal to _ki_
or _qi_--we obtain the guttural sound which appears to be the chief
element of the symbol. In its use it appears to shade off from the hard
to the soft sound.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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