Bible -- Antiquities; Bible. Old Testament -- Evidences, authority, etc.
This is exactly what is demanded by the Biblical chronology accepted at
our present time. Incidentally, by correlating the prophecies and
history of the Old Testament to the proved chronological points in these
records, archeology has vindicated the historical and traditional
acceptance of those dates which criticism unsuccessfully disputed. The
kings of Israel and Judah, with the writing prophets of each monarch’s
reign, may now be correlated into this accredited system of chronology.
When this is done, the traditional and accepted dates for the prophecies
of the Old Testament which orthodox scholarship has always maintained,
are established beyond reasonable doubt.
In the confused condition of the Egyptian chronology it is difficult to
dogmatize concerning the exact identification of certain pharaohs whose
records are contained in the Sacred Text, but who are not identified by
their prenomen in Holy Writ.
A good deal of this confusion, however, is being dissipated with
surprising rapidity due to the recovery of some hitherto unknown
sources. The tendency of our present day is to concede that the Pharaoh
Thotmes, whose name is more commonly given as Tuthmosis, was the pharaoh
of the Oppression. There is a great deal of reliable authority for
adopting this view. This mighty sovereign, whose history we have partly
covered in connection with his sister, wife and domineering queen,
Hatshepsut, in the portion dealing with the times of Moses, according to
the best chronologist, reigned fifty-one years. He died in 1447 B. C.,
and was succeeded by Amenhetep the Second. This fact would make it
practically certain that the latter monarch was the pharaoh of the
Exodus.
There is a great deal of gratifying demonstration in the new chronology
which, being purged from the gross errors that naturally resulted from
chronological differences inevitable to pioneers in Egyptology, has
brought great comfort and aid to the orthodox believer in the Old
Testament. There were almost as many different dates given by the
critics for the Exodus from Egypt as there were critics. It may be noted
in passing that one of the major difficulties of criticism and one of
its foundational weaknesses is to be seen in the fact that each
individual critic is his own highest authority. The only finality that
criticism recognizes is the dogmatic decision of a particular individual
to believe one way or the other.
So it is rather hard to say that criticism in general held to any
certain thing. The consensus of opinion, as far as such can be gathered
from criticism, however, would make the date of the Exodus not any
earlier than 1220 B. C.
Plate 11
[Illustration: Cartonnage in the anthropoid sarcophagus]
Plate 12
[Illustration: Showing both outside and inside writings and
decorations on anthropoid sarcophagus]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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