3. Nux Vomica and St. Ignatius’s Bean, which are both poisonous; but the first is so extremely deleterious a drug, ten or twelve grains of it being sufficient to kill a dog, that it is now expunged from the Pharmacopeias. Yet, although no one ever hears of its application, except for poisoning rats, it is imported in large quantities, and tons of this deadly poison are ground every year in the drug-mills of the metropolis. The bitter bean, or, as it is more commonly termed by the tender-conscienced gentry, who sport with the health and lives of their fellow-creatures, St. Ignatius’s bean, in order, no doubt, to appease the qualms of conscience under a sanctified name, is no less injurious to health. 4. Opium, Tobacco, Extract of Poppies, Henbane, Bohemian Rosemary, and Coriander seed, which are all highly dangerous when improperly used. Chemical experiment has proved that less than one pound of the last-mentioned ingredient equals in strength and stupefactive quality one bushel of malt. 5. Essentia Bina, or Double Essence; that is, sugar boiled down to a black colour and an empyreumatic flavour. But, instead of the concentrated essence, the intent of which is to produce the requisite colour in porter, the colouring matter now generally used by the more respectable part of the trade is malt roasted in iron cylinders until it is black like coal. In this state it is called patent malt, and is not prohibited by the Excise. 6. Heading Stuff, that is green copperas, or, as it is vulgarly called, Salt of Steel. This poisonous ingredient is used for the purpose of giving the beer a frothing head; sometimes used alone; sometimes it is mixed with alum.—In the hands of one adulterator, 310lbs. of copperas and 560lbs. of hard multum were found and condemned. A sufficient dose for slowly poisoning half a generation! 7. Capsicum, grains of paradise, carraway seeds, treacle or molasses, liquorice root, &c. 8. Wormwood, aloes, quassia, bitter oranges, &c. 9. Lime, marble dust, powdered oyster shells, hartshorn shavings, jalap, spirit of maranta, &c. These ingredients, nocuous and innocuous, are intended to produce the following effects: 1. To give a factitious strength and intoxicating quality to the beer. 2. To increase the bitter principle, and consequently to save hops. 3. To add a stimulating aromatic flavour. 4. To produce a fine mantling head to porter, and strike a fine nut brown colour over the froth. And, 5. To prevent acidity, or to diminish or destroy it when formed.