Battles -- United States; United States -- History, Military -- To 1900
It was now three in the afternoon. The provincial troops were placed
in an attitude of defence as the British column moved slowly forward
to the attack. Colonel Prescott and the original constructors of the
redoubt, except the Connecticut troops, were within the works. General
Warren also took post in the redoubt. Gridley and Callender’s artillery
companies were between the breastworks and rail fence on the eastern
side. A few troops, recalled from Charlestown after the British landed,
and a part of Warner’s company, lined the cart-way on the right of the
redoubt. The Connecticut and New Hampshire forces were at the rail
fence on the west of the redoubt, and three companies were stationed in
the main street at the foot of Breed’s Hill.
[Illustration: GENERAL PLAN OF THE BATTLE]
Before General Howe moved from his first position he sent out strong
flank guards, and directed his heavy artillery to play upon the
American line. At the same time a blue flag was displayed as a signal,
and the guns upon Copp’s Hill and the ships and floating batteries in
the river poured a storm of round-shot upon the redoubt. A furious
cannonade was opened at the same moment upon the right wing of the
provincial army at Roxbury, to prevent reinforcements being sent by
General Thomas to Charlestown. Gridley and Callender, with their
field-pieces, returned a feeble response to the heavy guns of the
enemy. Gridley’s guns were soon disabled; while Callender, who alleged
that his cartridges were too large, withdrew to Bunker Hill. Putnam
was there, and ordered him back to his first position. He disobeyed,
and nearly all his men, more courageous than he, deserted him. In the
meanwhile, Captain Walker, of Chelmsford, with fifty resolute men,
marched down the hill near Charlestown and greatly annoyed the enemy’s
left flank. Finding their position very perilous, they marched over
to the Mystic, and did great execution upon the right flank. Walker
was there wounded and made prisoner, but the greater part of his men
succeeded in gaining the redoubt.
Under cover of the discharges of artillery the British army moved up
the slope of Breed’s Hill toward the American works in two divisions,
General Howe with the right wing, and General Pigot with the left.
The former was to penetrate the American lines at the rail fence; the
latter to storm the redoubt. They had not proceeded far before the
firing of their artillery ceased, in consequence of discovering that
balls too large for the field-pieces had been sent over from Boston.
Howe ordered the pieces to be loaded with grape; but they soon became
useless, on account of the miry ground at the base of the hill. Small
arms and bayonets now became their reliance.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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