Battles -- United States; United States -- History, Military -- To 1900
During this preparation on Breed’s Hill, all was confusion elsewhere.
General Ward was at Cambridge, without sufficient staff-officers
to convey his orders. Henry (afterward General) Knox was in the
reconnoitring service, as a volunteer, during the day, and upon his
reports Ward issued his orders. Late in the afternoon, the commanding
general despatched his own, with Paterson and Gardner’s regiments,
to the field of action; but to the raw recruits the aspect of the
narrow Neck was terrible, swept as it was by the British cannon.
Colonel Gardner succeeded in leading three hundred men to Bunker
Hill, where Putnam set them intrenching, but soon ordered them to the
lines. Gardner was advancing boldly at their head, when a musket-ball
entered his groin and wounded him mortally. His men were thrown into
confusion, and very few of them engaged in the combat that followed,
until the retreat commenced. Other regiments failed to reach the lines.
A part of Gerrish’s regiment, led by Adjutant Christian Febiger, a
Danish officer, who afterward accompanied Arnold to Quebec and was
distinguished at Stony Point, reached the lines just as the action
commenced, and effectually galled the British left wing. Putnam, in the
mean time, was using his utmost exertions to form the confused troops
on Bunker Hill and get fresh corps with bayonets across the Neck.
All was order and firmness at the redoubt on Breed’s Hill as the enemy
advanced. The artillery of the British swept the interior of the
breastwork from end to end, destroying many of the provincials, among
whom was Lieutenant Prescott, a nephew of the colonel commanding.
The remainder were driven within the redoubt, and the breastwork was
abandoned. Each shot of the provincials was true to its aim, and
Colonel Abercrombie and Majors Williams and Speedlove fell. Howe was
wounded in the foot, but continued fighting at the head of his men.
His boats were at Boston, and retreat he could not. His troops pressed
forward to the redoubt, now nearly silent, for the provincials’ last
grains of powder were in their guns. Only a ridge of earth separated
the combatants, and the assailants scaled it. The first that reached
the parapet were repulsed by a shower of stones. Major Pitcairn, who
led the troops at Lexington, ascending the parapet, cried out, “Now for
the glory of the marines!” and was immediately shot by a negro soldier.
Again numbers of the enemy leaped upon the parapet, while others
assailed the redoubt on three sides. Hand to hand the belligerents
struggled, and the gun-stocks of many of the provincials were shivered
to pieces by the heavy blows they were made to give. The enemy poured
into the redoubt in such numbers that Prescott, perceiving the folly
of longer resistance, ordered a retreat. Through the enemy’s ranks the
Americans hewed their way, many of them walking backward and dealing
deadly blows with their musket-stocks. Prescott and Warren were the
last to leave the redoubt.
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