Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental TestingMiner, James Burt
Science
Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental Testing
Miner, James Burt
Children with mental disabilities; Juvenile delinquents; Mentally ill offenders; Psychological tests
The variation in age norms with different tests is shown graphically in
Figures 6, 7 and 8. In order that the various tests may be plotted on
the same scale, so as to compare changes in development for the
different tested processes, I have used the average increase in ability
from 8 to 9 years of age for each test as a common measure and
arbitrarily plotted the slant of the curve between these ages at 45
degrees. The increase from 8 to 9 is represented by 10 units on the
objective scale to the left of the graphs. On this basis it is possible
roughly to compare changes in the absolute annual increase at different
ages for the same test and for different tests. It assumes that the
units in which each test is scored are equivalent for that test. An
average difference between the basal ages or between any two ages cannot
be assumed to be accompanied by the same distribution of increases.
Moreover, the 8-year norm is at different distances from zero for the
different tests so that the relative increase from 8 to 9 cannot be
regarded alike for the different tests. The method, however, is
sufficiently accurate for illustrating the very different forms of the
developmental curves which might be expected if they were measured by
absolute increases from year to year. Even the variation in the slant of
the lines at the different ages gives a graphic picture which will
assist in interpreting the significance of average curves of general
ability. As the curves stand, they show the norms for each age for any
test, as if placed on its own objective scale, and the various objective
scales have been harmonized on the assumption that the norms at 8 and 9
years are accurate. We thus have a simple representation of the absolute
changes in the abilities tested from age to age by the same tests
relative to a single objective scale. It will not give a seriously
erroneous picture for any tested ability so long as the units in which
the particular test is scored may be presumed to be objectively equal.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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