The Children's Bureau in the U. S. Department of Labor in 1915 made a census of the number of “mental defectives” in the District of Columbia. The census included only those whom we have termed feeble-minded. The report states that 798 individuals, 0.24% of the population, were found to be “in need of institutional treatment; and the number reported, allowing for the margin of error in omission and inclusion, is probably a fair representation of the number in the District who should have custodial care” (_88_, p. 13). Over a quarter of the population of the District is colored. The census was taken in connection with plans for immediate care. The same Bureau also made in 1915 and 1916 a Social Study of Mental Defectives in New Castle County, Delaware.[6] This county had a population of 131,670 and the survey disclosed 212 “positive cases of mental defect” and 361 “questionable cases,” a total of 0.44% of the general population in this county. Among the positive cases, 82.5% were in need of public supervision or institutional care. Among the questionable cases, information was obtained about only 175, and 165 of these were either in institutions, delinquent or uncontrollable, or living in homes where proper care and safeguarding were impossible. Two other important attempts to enumerate carefully all the feeble-minded in definite areas in the United States have been made in recent years. Lapeer County, Mich., was chosen for such a study, as it was of average size and contained no large city. The census as reported in 1914, showed 36 feeble-minded from that county in the state institution and 116 others living in the county, a total of 1 from every 171 inhabitants (_145_). A special children's commission was appointed by the state of New Hampshire to investigate the welfare of dependent, defective and delinquent children. Its report in 1914 contained a section by its chairman, Mrs. Lilian C. Streeter, on feeble-mindedness (_40_). This comes the nearest to a complete enumeration for an entire state which has ever been attempted. The commission tested with the Binet scale the inmates of the State Hospital for the Insane, the County Farms, the State Industrial School and the Orphanages within the state. The borderline which it used for the scale was high. It counted all those testing three or more years retarded and under XII as feeble-minded. Taking its figures as they stand we find that they listed 947 as feeble-minded in institutions and 2,019 outside, a total of 0.69% of the inhabitants of the state. Outside the institutions the commission sent a questionnaire to all school superintendents and to chairmen of school boards, physicians, overseers of the poor, county commissioners, probation and truant officers, district nurses and charity workers throughout the state, by which means they listed 792 additional cases. This questionnaire gave the following description of the type of case it was trying to list as feeble-minded.