Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental TestingMiner, James Burt
Science
Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental Testing
Miner, James Burt
Children with mental disabilities; Juvenile delinquents; Mentally ill offenders; Psychological tests
In spite of uncertainty introduced by the use of quotients, the general
tendency in interpretation of results with Binet scales has thus been to
make a distinction in the amount of retardation signifying deficiency
among younger and older children and to require four years retardation,
at least for the older ages. Our criterion for the borderline of three
years retardation for children under 10 years and four years for 10
years and over, with an extra year to be quite sure that the deficiency
is sufficient to justify isolation, seems to be in line with the best
practise at present among those who have had much experience with the
Binet scale. Fortunately, little harm has been done to the individuals
themselves by this uncertainty in the interpretation of the scores with
the scale, since only questionable cases have been affected. These have
generally been diagnosed, before disposing of the child, by some expert
who understands the sources of error in mental tests. On the other hand,
shifting the limit of allowable retardation by one year makes a great
difference in the estimation of the frequency of feeble-mindedness in
particular groups, as will be shown in our discussion of deficient
delinquents.
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Footnote 11:
Throughout this study I shall use the literal translation of the
German term “lebensalter,” life-age, instead of the awkward
“chronological age.”
Footnote 12:
_S. E._ = √(_p._ _q._/_n_)
Footnote 13:
Tests XI were recorded as XII in the 1911 series.
CHAPTER VI. DELINQUENTS TESTING DEFICIENT
A. AT THE GLEN LAKE FARM SCHOOL FOR BOYS, HENNEPIN COUNTY, MINNESOTA.
We are now in a position to evaluate the Binet examinations of
delinquents. Let us first note our results for a group of 123
consecutive cases at the Hennepin County Detention Home.[14] It is not a
detention home in the sense of a place where children are held awaiting
the disposition of their cases by the Juvenile Court. It is better
described by its unofficial title, The Glen Lake Farm School for Boys.
This county training school for delinquents is located on a splendid
farm beside a small lake fourteen miles outside of Minneapolis. The boys
are sent there by the juvenile court for a few months' training as an
intermediate discipline between probation and sentence to the State
School at Redwing.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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