Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920Crowell, Benedict
History
Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920
Crowell, Benedict
United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces -- Demobilization; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
The war orders for motor vehicles (including bicycles and trailers)
of all sorts from American factories called for the production of
434,000 of them. Of this number approximately 110,000 were bicycles and
trailers, the rest being motor vehicles proper. The war industry had
produced great numbers of these vehicles before the armistice, 118,000
having been shipped to the A. E. F., while thousands of others were
either in use by the Army within the United States or were awaiting
shipment overseas on the day of the armistice. By the fourth day of the
armistice, termination requests had stopped the production of 178,000
vehicles under the war orders. The rest were allowed to go through
to completion. Adding to the reserves on hand at the signing of the
armistice the production after the armistice, we find that the results
of the war industry were to provide the Army in this country with
138,000 motor vehicles, none of which had crossed the ocean.
[Illustration:
_Photo by Signal Corps_
MOTOR TRANSPORT IN FRANCE]
[Illustration:
_Photo by Signal Corps_
PART OF A. E. F.’S SURPLUS MOTOR EQUIPMENT]
The continuation of production after the armistice was allowed for
numerous reasons. A motor truck is an article readily salable at a good
price. Its fabricated parts, however, have little value other than
that of scrap metal. Moreover, to permit the completion of contracts
saved the Government from the payment of cancellation charges. For
example, as a result of these business considerations one order for
8,000 Standard B trucks, under which order production had started about
November 1, 1918, was allowed to go through to completion. The Standard
B truck was an assemblage of standard parts. Many factories made the
parts, and a few, under contract with the Government, assembled the
parts and turned out the completed chassis. To have terminated the
contracts would have left on the Government’s hands a mass of parts
of doubtful sales value and an obligation to pay heavy cancellation
charges besides. The completed trucks could be sold for nearly all, if
not all, the money the Government had put into them. The same was true
of some of the other standardized trucks.
Production was continued in some instances to place in the Army’s
hands certain sorts of trucks of which the Army was short even after
the great production ending with the armistice. Finally, many of the
truck factories were working exclusively on government contracts, and
to have ended this work forthwith would have thrown tens of thousands
of men out of work. It is notable, however, that two of the largest
contractors, the Ford Motor Company and the Dodge Motor Company, both
of Detroit, agreed to accept termination of all work uncompleted on
November 16, 1918, at no cost to the Government except the cost of
uncompleted materials which they would be unable to use in their
commercial enterprises.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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