Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920Crowell, Benedict
History
Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920
Crowell, Benedict
United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces -- Demobilization; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
Not a man of the 2,000,000 passengers lost his life as the result
of marine disaster after the armistice. The worst accident occurred
shortly after midnight on January 1, 1919, when, during a blinding
rainstorm, the great transport _Northern Pacific_, with a load of 2,500
troops, two-thirds of whom were sick and wounded men, went aground on
the Long Island shore near the entrance to New York harbor. The sea
was rough, the wind making, and as the ship turned port side to the
beach and worked up on the sand, pounding heavily, rescue for the time
was impossible. The weather was cold, the ship’s machinery was out of
commission, and she was lightless and unheated. It took three days to
rescue the passengers; yet, despite the severity of the experience, no
person on board suffered seriously from it. The pounding had so damaged
the ship’s hull that many of the plates had to be renewed. A more
serious injury was a broken stern-post. In former marine practice such
an injury meant the casting of a new post in steel. The Navy, as in the
instance of the broken machinery in the interned German ships, resorted
to the electric welding torch for repairing the broken stern-post,
saving several months in time and perhaps $50,000 in money.
[Illustration:
_Photo by Signal Corps_
SAILING DAY AT ST. NAZAIRE]
[Illustration:
_Photo by Signal Corps_
TRANSPORT _MAUI_ LOADING AT ST. NAZAIRE]
The A. E. F. sold most of its property in Europe. The cargo transports
brought home about 850,000 tons of military freight--a small fraction
of the property held by the expedition at the time of the armistice.
The goods were sold abroad at a loss, the average recovery being
considerably under that received from the sale of similar goods in
the United States. Yet it was good policy to do what was done. Europe
needed the supplies and we needed the ship-space for other purposes.
If the materials had been returned to the United States for sale,
out of the proceeds would have had to be deducted the transportation
cost; and the Government was little, if anything, out of pocket by the
transaction.
[Illustration:
_Photo by Signal Corps_
SOUVENIRS OF HIS SERVICE]
[Illustration:
_Photo by Signal Corps_
EMBARKING AT ST. NAZAIRE]
Among the materials freighted home were 100,000 tons of road-making
machinery. This the War Department turned over to the Department of
Agriculture to be used in the construction of highways in the United
States. The cargo transports also brought back large ordnance stores,
principally artillery, much of it of British and French manufacture.
The shipments included a large number of captured German cannon,
brought back for distribution among American communities as war
trophies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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