Design and Tradition: A short account of the principles and historic development of architecture and the applied artsFenn, Amor
History
Design and Tradition: A short account of the principles and historic development of architecture and the applied arts
Fenn, Amor
Architecture; Art; Decoration and ornament; Decoration and ornament -- History
That of the ancient Greeks consisted of Zeus, Apollo and Aphrodite, the
Egyptian being Osiris, Isis and Horus. The Romans believed the world to
be under the rule of three gods--Jupiter (Heaven), Neptune (Ocean), and
Pluto (Hades). The first has three thunderbolts--Neptune, the Trident,
and Pluto, Cerberus, the triple-headed dog.
Three in number also were the Fates, Furies, Graces, Harpies and
Sibylline Books. In the underworld the three judges of hell were
Rhadamanthos, Minos and Æacos.
_Muses_
The Muses were three times three as follows:
Calliope. Epic Poetry.
Clio. History.
Melpomene. Tragedy.
Euterpe. Lyric Poetry.
Urania. Astronomy.
Terpsichore. Dancing.
Polyhegmnia. Religious service.
Erato. Erotic Poetry--Geometry.
Thalia. Comedy.
The world is compounded of three elements--Earth, Water and Air.
Man also is three--Body, Soul and Spirit; and the kingdom of
Nature--Mineral, Animal and Vegetable.
There are three Christian Graces--Faith, Hope and Charity, and three
enemies of mankind, the World, Flesh and Devil.
The number “Four” symbolises the quarters of the World--the Winds--the
Gospels--the Evangelists and the four sacred Rivers.
“Five” signifies the Cross and the Five Wounds.
“Seven” has also been regarded as a mystic number, as in the Days of
Creation, the days of the week, the Spirits before the Throne, the Ages
in the life of man, the seven-armed candlesticks of the Hebrews; the
sleepers of Ephesus; the champions of Christendom and the Wonders of the
world.
_Sacred Trees and Flowers, etc._
Certain flowers and trees were in ancient times dedicated to the
Deities.
The cornel cherry tree and the laurel were sacred to Apollo; the Cypress
and Maidenhair to Pluto; the Dittany to the Moon; the Lily to Juno; the
Myrtle to Venus; the Narcissus and Poppy to Ceres; the Oak to Jupiter;
the Olive to Minerva; and the Vine to Bacchus. The Laurel wreath was
given to the victor in the Pythian games. The victor in the Olympic
games had a wreath of wild olive--of green parsley in the Nemean games,
and of dried parsley or green pine in the Isthmian games.
The Ancients believed that the laurel communicated the spirit of
prophecy and poetry; hence the custom of crowning the Pythoness and
poets. In modern times the laurel is a symbol of Victory and Peace.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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