Determination of the Atomic Weight of Cadmium and the Preparation of Certain of Its Sub-CompoundsJones, Harry C. (Harry Clary)
Science
Determination of the Atomic Weight of Cadmium and the Preparation of Certain of Its Sub-Compounds
Jones, Harry C. (Harry Clary)
Atomic weights; Cadmium; Thesis (Ph. D.)
The crystals of cadmium like those of magnesium show only the three
forms OP (0001), P (10ī1)₂, and ∞P (10ī0). Brögger and Flink observed
on beryllium the additional forms ∞P₂ (2īī0) and ½P (20{̅2}1); while
upon zinc a large number of forms in the zone of the unit pyramid occur.
[19] Amer. Chem. Journ. 11, 224. pl. 2 fig. 8.
Not infrequently the cadmium crystals show a tendency toward a
hemimorphic development. This is plainly seen when a large number
of them are examined together under the microscope. The little
barrel-shaped crystals are mostly attached by their sides and yet one
of their ends is often broader than the other. Sometimes they taper
nearly to a point, quite like greenockite crystals.
The Cohesion Phenomena of Cadmium.
The cohesion phenomena of cadmium are similar to those of zinc but
are still more striking. When a crystal is sharply focused under the
microscope and then gently pressed on the side with the point of a
needle an unbroken pyramidal face is seen to suddenly become striated
parallel to the basal plane, as though a gliding in the basal section
took place. Some of these crystals were kindly examined by Prof. Otto
Mügge of Münster, Germany, who has added so much to our knowledge
of the cohesion phenomena in crystals. He has written in regard to
his observations as follows; “The cadmium crystals as far as their
gliding phenomena are concerned behave quite like zinc. If a crystal
is carefully loosened and then squeezed with a pair of pincers it is
easy to see that the smooth surface where it was attached to the glass
became striated parallel to OP (0001) and that at the same time two
other sets of striations are produced which meet at an angle of about
85° and intersect the trace of the basal plane at about 47½°. The plane
of attachment was selected for observation because it was smoother than
the pyramidal faces. In the above case this plane has the position of
a steep pyramid inclined to the base at an angle of about 100°. The
oblique sets of striations appear to represent gliding planes parallel
to the unit pyramid faces (2P (10ī2) of Rose) as in the case with zinc.
Whether the horizontal striations were due to gliding parallel to the
base I could not certainly decide. Many of the crystals appear when
pinched to be completely overturned, in which cases ordinary bending
accompanies gliding as in the case of gold set. This is shown by the
fact that both faces and striations become rounded.”
Biographical Sketch.
Harry Clary Jones was born near New London, Frederick County, Maryland,
Nov. 11ᵗʰ 1865.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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