The pronoun 'each (_unusquisque_)' is formed with the particles _men men_ and _sore sore_. The pronoun 'each and every (_universi & singuli_)' is formed with _tare mo mina_. The pronoun 'anyone (_quicumque_)' is formed with _tare nite mo_, _tare nite mo are_, and _tare nari tomo_. The particle _tare mo_, when placed before a negative, forms the pronoun 'no one, or nobody'; e.g., _tare mo mairananda_ 'nobody went.' The particle _nani taru coto nari tomo_ means 'whatever happens, or whichever thing happens.' The particle _mei mei_ means 'to each, or everyone in particular.' The particle _goto_ makes the distributive pronoun meaning 'every.' This form is used after vocables which are proper to the Japanese language; i.e., _iomi_. The same results are achieved by placing the (16 particle _mai_ before vocables which come from the Chinese language; i.e., {121} _coie_. For example, _fi_ means 'day,' and _figoto ni_ means 'daily.' _Nen_ is a Japanese borrowing from a Chinese word meaning 'year,' and _mainen_ means 'every year, or all year.' The same result is obtained by the repetition of the noun; e.g., _fito_ means 'person,' and _fitibito_ means 'all the people, or many people,' _fi_ means 'day,' and _fibi ni_ means 'all of the days, or every day.' The indefinite pronoun 'some (_aliqui_)' is formed with _niiotte_; e.g., _toqi niiotte_ 'some times,' _fito niiotte_ 'some men.' The pronoun 'the same (_idem_)' is formed with _vonaji_; e.g., _vonaji tocoro cara_ 'from the same place.' The particle _dôjen_ means the same thing but in the neuter ; e.g., _dôjen degozaru_ 'it is the same.' This word is used in reply to some one who has congratulated you, etc. The pronoun 'himself (_ipse_)' is formed with the particles _nuxi_, _sono mi_, and _vaga_. The particle _vareto mi_ forms the pronoun 'himself (_ipsemet_)'; e.g., _vareto mi ni ata vo nasu_ (96) 'he brings harm to himself,' _mi vo vasurete; ta vo tasuquru_ 'he forgets himself and saves others.' The particle _vatacuxi_ means 'a thing which belongs to oneself (_re propria_)'; e.g., _vatacuxi no coto_ 'ones own thing,' _vatacuxi ni ivareta_ 'he spoke for himself.' The pronoun 'somebody (_aliquis_)' is made with the particles _tare zo_ and _taso_; e.g., _tare zo maittaraba_ 'if somebody were to come,' _taso sacana ga aru ca tói ni iqe_ [... _toi_ ...] 'let someone go and ask if there is food.' The neuter pronoun 'something (_aliquid_)' is formed with the particles _nan zo_ and _nanica_; e.g., _nan zo ga araba cuvózu_ 'I would eat if there were something,' _ima faia te ga jiiú ni gozaru fodo ni nanica caqi maraxô_ 'I would write something if I were to have my hands free, or untied.'