Changing the _ta_ of the preterit to _tçu_ and the _da_ of the negative to _zzu_[131] the meaning becomes 'I do it this way and then that way'; e.g., _mono vo caitçu, iôzzu, nando xite curasu bacari gia_ 'I spend my life reading, writing and doing other things,' _tattçu itçu vocu iori zaxiqi ie ide zaxiqi iori vocu ie iri xitten battǒ xeraruru_ (11v) 'standing and sitting, entering and departing, he stands up and falls down.' The particle _ri_ gives the same meaning after the preterit; e.g., _xeqen no mono va netari voqitari nǒdari curasu bacari gia_ (11) 'men of the world spend their lives sleeping, arising, and drinking,' _mazzu_ (46 _ite niva vo mo facaxetari, cusa vo mo ficaxetari iroiro no xigoto vo ategǒte cosó mairǒzure_ [... _coso_ ...] (10v) 'I shall go and sweep out the courtyard (_atrium_), pull up the weeds, and then having dispensed with these things I shall go,' _ima cono io fuqe iuqeba nome ia, utaie ia fito bito motçu, utǒtçu sacamori suru_ (129) 'when it already is late at {153} night, urging themselves on to drink and sing, the men enjoy themselves dancing and singing.' The particle _ie_, which is the root of the verb _ie iuru_ [_ie:uru_][132] 'I can,' signifies, when placed before negative verbs, that the action expressed by the verb cannot be done; e.g., _ie iomanu_ 'I cannot read.' This particle is also placed after the infinitive; e.g., _iomanu coto vo ienu_ 'I cannot read.' _Iomi va ieide_, or _iomi mo ieide_ 'since I could not read, or not being able to read' is also said. The infinitive sometimes acts as a substitute verb (_suppositum verbum_); e.g., _xinuru coto va vosoroxij_ 'it is terrible to die.' The particle _tai_ 'I want' is added to the roots of verbs and signifies the desire to do the thing indicated by the verb; e.g., _mizzu vo nomi tai_[133] 'I want to drink some water,' _mizzu vo nomi tó gozaru_ or _mizzu vo nomi tó zonzuru_, but these last two forms are more noble. Here is an example of the noble form in the negative, _tǒ mo nai_; e.g., _mizzu vo nomi tǒ mo nai_ 'I do not want to drink water,' and _mizzu vo nomi tǒ mo gozaranu_. _Mairu tó mo zonjenu_ means 'I do not want to go.' When the particle _tai_ is added to adjectives, or verbs indicating a sensory act (_actionem sensitiuam_) in the first person,[134] the _i_ is changed to _c_; and the verb _ari,u_ is added and conjugated in the tense required by the sentence; e.g., _cuitacatta_ 'I wanted to eat.' If the verb is in the second or third person, the _i_ is changed to _g_ and again the verb _ari,u_ is added, or an honorific particle depending upon what the person deserves, or without it as an absolute form. But if the person is inferior, the _i_ is changed to _c_ as said before.