The particles _ca_ and _zo_, as has been said above, are used as interrogatives. The particles _ia_ and _caia_ have the same function but they are more humble; e.g., _are va tare caia?_ 'who is he?', _core ia_[?] 'this?', _io fuqete tare ca va tazzuneô zo?_ (89v) 'when it becomes late at night, who will be able to visit?', _sore de arǒ ca to iú coto gia_ 'I said, "will it be this?"' _No?_ asks for agreement; e.g., _gozarǒ ca no?_ 'will he come?'[162] _mairǒ to voxerareta no?_ [... _vôxerareta no?_] 'did he say that he will come?' _no Pedro dono?_ 'isn't that so, Peter?' _Na_[?] means the same thing, but it is used with inferiors; e.g., _sǒ qiita na?_ 'didn't you hear so?' Sometimes, in a sentence containing _zo_, _baxi_, which is a dubitive particle (_particula dubitandi_), is placed; e.g., _nanto xita xisai de baxi gozaru zo?_ (122v)[163] 'for what reason did this happen?', _sate nanto iú voqiacu de baxi gozaru zo_[?] (123) 'what is the name of your guest?', _goiô baxi gozaru ca?_ 'isn't there something of use to you?' _Io_ and _zo_ strengthen or give cadence to the sentence; e.g., _caita zo_ {164} 'he truly wrote,' _maitta io_ 'he certainly came,' _sono toqi vare_ (57 _va ichi dan varui tçucai vo xiraruite gozaru io_ [... _siaruite_ ...] (95) 'at that time I was following bad advice.' _Bacari_ means 'only, or in only one way,' _sore ni caguitte_ means 'that only,' _core ni caguirazu_ 'not only this.' _Bacari_ also means 'more or less'; e.g., _fiacu bacari_ 'there were a hundred,' _fiacunin bacari corosareta_ 'about one hundred men were killed.' _Nó_, _nóte_, _naqu xite_, and _naqute_ mean 'without'; e.g., _raxxi mo nó_ 'without reason or order,' _cacugo nó_ 'without any preparation.' The adverbs of sound (_adverbia sonus_) are many and vary in accordance with the way that the Japanese perceive the sound. The particle _to_ is added to them; e.g., _va va to xite_ 'vociferously saying _wa wa_,' and if they add _meqi,u_, it means to make even a louder noise; e.g., _va meqi,u_ 'to shout saying _wa_.' _The Case Prepositions_[164] _Tame_ or _ni_ means 'concerning';[165] e.g., _sonata no tame_ 'for you (_tibi_).' It governs the genitive which precedes it; _nan no tame_ 'for what,' _nani ni naru ca?_ 'for what is it?', _nani ni xô ca?_ 'what do you do that for?', _nani no iô ni tatçu ca?_ (171v) 'for what is it needed, or useful?', _maitte no iô va?_ (130) 'what's the use of going?' _Tai xite_ means 'on account of' or 'against'; e.g., _tengu ni tai xite teqito_ 'to fight against the devil, or resist him,' _Deus ni tai xite cuguio vo coraiuru_ 'I endure the pain (_labor_) because of God.' _Uie iori_ also means 'because'; e.g., _von jifi no uie iori_ (167) 'because of his mercy.' _Ni iotte_ signifies the reason for which; e.g., _Deus iori fito no jento acu ni iotte go fempô vo ataiesaxerareozu_ [... _ataiesaxerareôzu_] (146v) 'God gives to man according to his virtues and vices.' This form is derived from the verb _iori,u_.