Diego Collado's Grammar of the Japanese LanguageCollado, Diego
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Diego Collado's Grammar of the Japanese Language
Collado, Diego
Japanese language -- Grammar
There are also certain neutral verbs which govern the accusative as if they
were active verbs; e.g., _xiqitai vo fanaruru_ 'to depart from the body, or
to die,' _axi vo vazzuró_ 'to have a pain in the foot.' This is also true
for _nigue,uru_ 'to escape,' _nogare,uru_ 'to evade,' _de,uru_ 'to go out,'
_noqe,uru_ 'to retreat,' _tovori,u_ 'to go across,' _nori,u_ 'to sail,' as
in _caixǒ vo noru_ 'I sail the sea,' _iuqi,u_ 'to walk,' as in _michi vo
iuqu_ 'I walk the streets,' _vovari,u_ 'to finish,' _mairi,u_ as in _xogui
vo mairu_ 'I play chess (_tabula laterucularia_),' _iorocobi,u_ as in
_cocoro vo iorocobu_ 'I gladden the heart,' _abi,uru_, as in _mizzu vo
abiru_[183] 'I wash myself with water, or I pour water on myself,'
_avaremi,u_ 'I am sad,' (65 _canaximi,u_ 'I am unhappy,' _coie,uru_ 'to
cross over,' _fabacari,u_ 'to be shy,' _facarai,ǒ_ 'to take care of,'
_faxiri,u_ 'to sail,' as in _caixǒ, vo, faxiru_ [_caixǒ vo faxiru_] 'I sail
the sea,' _fagi,zzuru_ 'to be ashamed,' _fedate,tçuru_ 'to separate,'
_fe,uru_ 'to spend,' as in _ficazu vo furu_ 'I spend many days,'
[_fumaie,uru_ 'to be based on,' as in] _dori vo fumaiuru_ 'to be based on
reason, or to have reason as a basis,' _itami,u_ 'to be sick,' _mavari,u_
'to go around,' as in _cono cotovari vo móxi mavatta_ 'he goes around and
spreads the news here and there,' _meguri,u_ has the same meaning,
_nagusami,u_ 'to please,' as in _cocoro vo nagusamu_ 'I make the heart
{173} happy,' _naqi,u_ 'to weep,' _tasucari,u_ 'to be saved,' as in _inochi
vo tasucaru_ 'I am saved from the dangers of life,' or _goxǒ vo tasucaru_
'to be saved for a future life,' _tachi,tçu_ 'to go away from,' as in
_tocoro vo tatçu_ 'I go away from this place,' _tomurai,ó_ 'to make a
funeral for the dead,' _ucagai,ó_ 'to inquire with hesitation,' _voximi,u_
'to value,' _urami,u_ 'to enquire,' _xinobi,u_ 'to wait in hiding, almost
insidiously,' as in _fito no me vo xinobu_ 'I am careful lest someone see
me.'[184] A few of these verbs which require the accusative of location
admit to the use of the ablative with the particles _cara_ or _iori_; e.g.,
_tocoro vo tatçu_ is the same as _tocoro iori tatçu_ 'I leave the place.'
There are some active verbs which require two accusative cases; e.g.,
_fori,u_, _daxi,u_, _fanaxi,u_, _tate,tçuru_. For example, _Pedro vo soco
vo voi idaita_ 'they led Peter away from that place.' It is possible that
it governs the ablative of location; e.g., _Pedro vo soco cara voi daita_
[... _voi idaita_]. Some take either the dative or the accusative; e.g.,
_fito vo_, or _fito ni fanare,uru_ 'to go away from the men,' _Deus vo_, or
_Deus ni somuqi,u_ 'to offend God.' Verbs of this kind are generally verbs
of fearing, offending, or going away.[185]
Many verbs of helping, harming, damning, obeying, recognizing as superior
or inferior, being subjugated, being victorious, and similar verbs govern
the dative; e.g., _chiie saicacu iǒni coieta_ 'he is superior to others in
wisdom and industry.'[186]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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