Dirigible BalloonsHayward, Charles B. (Charles Brian)
History
Dirigible Balloons
Hayward, Charles B. (Charles Brian)
Aeronautics; Airships
*Destruction of Zeppelins.* Mention has already been made of the fact
that practically the only use made by Germany of her huge airships has
been the bombardment of open cities, and that always at night. From the
first of September, 1914, up to the end of 1917, between thirty and
forty had met disaster, but only two were captured intact. The first of
these was discovered by a Russian cavalry patrol while at anchor and its
crew of thirty men were made prisoners. This was at an early period in
the war, while the second one to be captured was the L-49, already
referred to, which formed one of a squadron of five evidently sent out
on a bombing expedition against London. Owing to adverse winds, they
never reached their destination and four of them were known to have been
put out of action, all except the L-49 being destroyed in the air. Not a
few of these big airships have fallen victims to their own weakness and
succumbed to the elements, in one instance a high wind tearing the
airship loose from its moorings while the crew was not aboard. This was
at Kiel, and after traveling a number of miles unguided, the big bag
fell into the North Sea. In quite a number of other cases head winds
have prevented the return of the raiders to their base and they have
either been destroyed by their crews or wrecked at sea in attempting to
return. In still other instances the unwieldy monsters have been wrecked
by high winds when attempting to land, as was so frequently the case
prior to the war.
_Aeroplane and Anti-Aircraft Fire Effective._ Before the war broke out
the ability of either the aeroplane or the anti-aircraft gun to overcome
the Zeppelin was purely theoretical, but actual experience has
demonstrated that much of the theory was well founded. At least three
Zeppelins have been destroyed by British aviators in mid-air, all or
most of the crews being killed, while probably an equal number have been
accounted for by French aviators in open battle. The war had not been
under way a month before French anti-aircraft gunners showed their skill
by bringing down-a "Zep," while only a week later a Russian battery
accomplished the same feat, in this instance killing the entire crew. In
1916, British and French gunners succeeded in either "winging" or
setting on fire three or four, while two dropped into the North Sea and
one was blown up by its crew, having run out of fuel while raiding
Scotch towns.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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