Disunion and Restoration in Tennessee: Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Political Science, Columbia UniversityNeal, John Randolph
History
Disunion and Restoration in Tennessee: Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Political Science, Columbia University
Neal, John Randolph
Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877) -- Tennessee; Tennessee -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865; Thesis (Ph. D.)
After the recognition of the loyal government by Congress, the only
hope of the disfranchised ex-Confederates of regaining political
control of the State lay in a division in the ranks of the Union
party. So long as Governor Brownlow remained at the head of affairs,
no such division occurred. He served as Governor the full term of two
years, and was re-elected. Before the expiration of his second term,
he was chosen by the Legislature to represent Tennessee in the United
States Senate. According to a provision of the State constitution, the
vacant governorship descended to De Witt Senter, Speaker of the State
Senate. Mr. Senter was inducted into office on the 29th of February,
1868.
Three years had now passed since the close of the war, and the
restoration of civil government, but the majority of the white
citizens still remained disfranchised, and no steps had been taken to
remove their disqualifications. In speaking of this aspect of the
situation, Mr. Fletcher, Secretary of the State, said: “Our mistake
was that we made the franchise law sweeping and perpetual, offering no
hope or inducement to the ex-rebel to become loyal. The man who is
disfranchised in a republic is not apt to feel that it is his
government, or to take pride or interest in it, nor apt to make a
useful or even law-abiding citizen of it. I do not feel comfortable in
a State where half of the people and two thirds of the tax-payers are
publicly degraded by law, without motive to be proud of the State and
government.”
Upon the day of Governor Senter’s inauguration, the air was filled
with rumors and signs of coming changes. Whether it would be a violent
eruption or a peaceful change through constitutional means, no one
could foresee. In the great crowd which gathered at the Capitol to
hear the inaugural address, there was noticed by the press reporters a
number of distinguished Southern leaders. This in itself was
considered a harbinger of the coming storm. The address proved
disappointing to all. It was expected that the Governor would give
some intimation of the policy he intended to pursue, but he simply
expressed his appreciation of the office to which he had been
elevated, and his desire to see peace and prosperity restored to the
State.
There was little of interest in the character or career of the new
Governor. He was born in Granger County in 1833. His father, William
F. Senter, had represented the Second Congressional District in the
Twenty-eighth Congress. Although Governor Senter had been chosen
Speaker of the Radical Senate he had never shown himself an extreme
partisan. He had even been a member of the secession Legislature of
1861; but Congress had relieved him of his political disabilities on
the 22d of December, 1868. It was therefore with a hopeful expectancy
that the people of Tennessee hailed his advent into the office of
Governor.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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