"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens — John Shaqi
"Downright Fighting": The Story of CowpensFleming, Thomas J.
History
"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens
Fleming, Thomas J.
Cowpens National Battlefield (S.C.); Cowpens, Battle of, Cowpens, S.C., 1781
[Illustration: The little village of Ninety Six was a center of
loyalist sentiment in the Carolina backcountry. Cornwallis
mistakenly thought Morgan had designs on it and therefore sent
Tarleton in pursuit, bringing on the battle of Cowpens. This map
diagrams the siege that Gen. Nathanael Greene mounted against the
post in May-June of 1781.]
Tarleton obeyed with his usual speed. His dragoons ranged far ahead of
his little army, which now numbered about 700 men. By the end of the day
he concluded that there was no cause for alarm about Ninety Six. Morgan
was nowhere near it. But his scouts reported that Morgan was definitely
south of the Broad River, urging militia from North and South Carolina
to join him.
Tarleton’s response to this challenge was almost inevitable. He asked
Cornwallis for permission to pursue Morgan and either destroy him or
force him to retreat over the Broad River again. There, Cornwallis and
his army could devour him.
The young cavalry commander outlined the operation in a letter to
Cornwallis on January 4. He realized that he was all but giving orders
to his general, and tactfully added: “I feel myself bold in offering my
opinion [but] it flows from zeal for the public service and well
grounded enquiry concerning the enemy’s designs and operations.” If
Cornwallis approved the plan, Tarleton asked for reinforcements: a troop
of cavalry from the 17th Light Dragoons and the infantrymen of the 7th
Regiment of Royal Fusiliers, who were marching from Camden to reinforce
Ninety Six.
Cornwallis approved the plan, including the reinforcements. As soon as
they arrived, Tarleton began his march. January rain poured down,
swelling every creek, turning the roads into quagmires. Cornwallis, with
his larger army and heavy baggage train, began a slow advance up the
east bank of the Broad River. As the commander in chief, he had more to
worry about than Tarleton. Behind him was another British general, Sir
Alexander Leslie, with 1,500 reinforcements. Cornwallis feared that
Greene or Marion might strike a blow at them. The earl assumed that
Tarleton was as mired by the rain and blocked by swollen watercourses as
he was. On January 12, Cornwallis wrote to Leslie, who was being delayed
by even worse mud in the lowlands: “I believe Tarleton is as much
embarrassed with the waters as you are.” The same day, Cornwallis
reported to another officer, the commander in occupied Charleston: “The
rains have put a total stop to Tarleton and Leslie.” On this assumption,
Cornwallis decided to halt and wait for Leslie to reach him.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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