"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens — John Shaqi
"Downright Fighting": The Story of CowpensFleming, Thomas J.
History
"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens
Fleming, Thomas J.
Cowpens National Battlefield (S.C.); Cowpens, Battle of, Cowpens, S.C., 1781
The order might have made some gruesome sense as far as the militia was
concerned. Almost every one of them was considered a criminal, fighting
in direct violation of the law as laid down by His Majesty’s officers in
numerous proclamations. Killing them would save the trouble of hanging
them. But to order his men to give no quarter to Morgan’s Continentals
was a blatant violation of the rules of war under which both sides had
fought for the past five years. It was graphic glimpse of the rage which
continued American resistance was igniting in Englishmen like Banastre
Tarleton.
One British officer in the battle later said that Major Newmarsh was
still posting the officers of the Fusiliers, the last regiment into
line, when Tarleton ordered the advance to begin. With a tremendous
shout, the green- and red-coated line surged forward.
From the top of the slope, Morgan called on his men to reply. “They give
us the British haloo, boys,” he cried. “Give them the Indian haloo.” A
howl of defiance leaped from 800 American throats. Simultaneously, the
Georgians and North Carolinians opened fire behind the big trees. Some
of the new recruits of the Fusiliers regiment revealed their nervousness
by firing back. Their officers quickly halted this tactical violation.
British infantry fired by the volley, and the riflemen were out of
musket range anyway. Rifles outshot muskets by 150 yards.
Morgan watched the riflemen give the British infantry “a heavy and
galling fire” as they advanced. But the sharpshooters made no pretense
of holding their ground. Morgan had ordered them to fall back to
Pickens’ militia and join them for serious fighting. On the British
came, their battle drums booming, their fifes shrilling, the two brass
cannon barking. The artillerymen apparently did not consider the
militiamen an important target. They blasted at the Continentals on the
crest. Most of their rounds whizzed over the heads of the infantry and
came dangerously close to Colonel Washington and his horsemen. He led
his men to a safer position on the slope of the geographical crest,
behind the left wing of the main American line.
Andrew Pickens and his fellow colonels, all on horseback, urged the
militia to hold their fire, to aim low and pick out “the epaulette
men”—the British officers with gold braid on their shoulders.
Tarleton’s Order of Battle
_Legion dragoons (two troops)_
_Light infantry companies of the 16th, 71st, and Prince of Wales
regiments_
_Legion infantry_
_7th Fusiliers_
_Royal artillery_
_71st Highlander regulars_
_17th Light Dragoons_
_Legion dragoons_
_This is the order in which Tarleton deployed his units on the
battlefield._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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