Dr. Southwood Smith: A RetrospectLewes, Gertrude Hill
History
Dr. Southwood Smith: A Retrospect
Lewes, Gertrude Hill
Physicians -- Great Britain -- Biography; Smith, Southwood, 1788-1861
"In the Whitechapel Workhouse there are two fever-wards: in the lower
ward the beds are much too close; two fever patients are placed in each
bed; the ventilation is most imperfect, and the room is so close as to
be dangerous to all who enter it, as well as most injurious to the
sick."
The Report mentions, in contrast, the case of the Jews' Hospital, where
he had been physician. In that hospital, though at one time there had
been a yearly outbreak of fever, since the number of beds in the
dormitories had been reduced, and several large ventilators had been put
in, the evil had entirely ceased. At the time he wrote eight years had
passed since the improvements, and fever had not once returned as an
epidemic.
* * * * *
After finishing this Report, my grandfather set to work to obtain exact
statistics as to fever in other parts of London; and by the next year
(1839) tables had been compiled, which proved, by a wider range of
experience, the truths he had again and again brought forward. Once more
he wrote a Report to the Poor Law Commissioners--of whom Mr (afterwards
Sir Edwin) Chadwick was one--pointing out the facts which were proved by
these figures and the duty of acting on them.[16]
Such accounts as those given by the three physicians appointed by the
Poor Law Board to inquire, could not pass unnoticed. The press, not only
in London but in all parts of England, took up the subject. Public men
began to be roused.
At first the facts were doubted. It was difficult to believe that such a
dreadful state of things _could_ exist; but attention was awakened, and
inquiry followed.
The Marquis of Normanby, then Secretary of State for the Home
Department, was much impressed with what he had read, but he could
hardly conquer a belief that there must have been some exaggeration. My
grandfather took him to see some of the places in Bethnal Green and
Whitechapel which the Report had described. Lord Normanby was deeply
moved, as every one must have been who was brought to realise the kind
of dwellings which were all that these people had for homes. "So far,"
he said, "from any exaggeration having crept into the descriptions which
had been given, they had not conveyed to my mind an adequate idea of the
truth."
Lord Ashley, too, always in the forefront to relieve the sufferings of
the poor, was taken by my grandfather on two occasions to see these
regions personally; and from that time forth he became one of the most
ardent supporters of the Sanitary Cause, working strenuously for it both
in and out of Parliament.[17] In a letter to a friend my grandfather
writes:--
"FINSBURY SQUARE, 1841.
"I have just returned from Whitechapel and Bethnal Green, over which
I have been taking Lord Ashley and his brother, and I think they
have received an impression which will be lasting, and which will
stimulate them to exert themselves for the removal of some of the
evils which they have witnessed."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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