Intense melancholia, with suicidal tendencies, hallucinations and delusions, delirium. Acute and chronic mania, have resulted. A condition, seemingly a cross between idiocy and softening of the brain, sometimes occurs, the patients crying at the most trivial things, and bemoaning their persecution by what would to others appear to be but trifles. The moral nature is profoundly affected, but the tendency to lie does not seem to be so distinct as in the opium habit. Delirium is not so often found while the patient is taking, as when he stops the drug. In some cases it does not even occur then, but when so happening, is usually very violent. Convulsive seizures are rare, but do occur, as has been shown by the labors of the Clinical Society, of London. Two of my correspondents speak of such cases. In both, the character of the attack was epileptiform, and occurred in persons who had used large doses of the drug for a long time. A mind greatly enfeebled by the continued use of chloral is sometimes thrown completely from its balance by the effects of an overdose, or the unusually intense action of an ordinary dose, an accident that is liable to take place at any time. Such a case is related by Dr. Willis P. King,[62] of Sedalia, Mo., as follows:— “Mrs. S., aged forty years, first began to use chloral during an attack of rheumatism. Has now been taking it for some years. Dose about 32 grains, taken from three to five times a day. I was treating her for acute rheumatism, and allowed her, by her request, to take an occasional dose of a solution that she had been using for years. She begged for more than I was willing to allow, and, in the absence of the nurse, got up, and, from the amount missing, must have taken anywhere from 100 to 200 grains. I found her, three hours afterwards, in profound stupor, pulse small and 190 per minute, respiration rapid and stertorous, extremities cold. Under stimulation, etc., she recovered consciousness after a few hours, but was insane, and was sent to the Missouri Insane Asylum, where she was treated for acute mania. She was always ‘flighty’ before she went to the asylum; on her return from there her mental condition was greatly improved.” The temper becomes irritable, peevishness is developed, friends and acquaintances are shunned, and the patient lives in a world of his own, built by the warped and distorted outcome of a diseased imagination. The delusions and hallucinations are more often terrifying than pleasant, varying, however, somewhat, with the mental peculiarities of the victim. The following interesting case is sent me by Dr. D. N. Kinsman, of Columbus, Ohio:—