Early Man Projectile Points in the SouthwestHonea, Kenneth
History
Early Man Projectile Points in the Southwest
Honea, Kenneth
Arrowheads; Indians of North America -- Implements; Indians of North America -- Southwest, New
Eden points, though of the same basic shape, are much narrower in
relation to over-all length than are Scottsbluff points. Most commonly,
shoulders on Eden points are very faint indeed. Transverse facial
flaking is much like that on Scottsbluff points. More frequently it is
of the collateral type.
Probably the same age as the Scottsbluff type.
BROWNS VALLEY POINTS
Browns Valley points were initially discovered at a site near Browns
Valley, Minnesota. They were associated with a human burial.
[Illustration: _Browns Valley_]
[Illustration: _Agate Basin_]
Browns Valley points are broad lanceolate in shape. Upper lateral edges
are slightly rounded. Lower lateral edges are much less rounded,
contracting very slightly to either a shallowly concave or straight
base. These points are broadest at mid-section. Dimensions are: length
7.0 to 8.0 cm., width 3.0 cm. (full range indeterminate since few
specimens known). Workmanship is fine. Initial shaping may have been by
direct or indirect percussion. The initial flake scars are parallel and
run obliquely across the point faces; less often they are at right
angles. Bases have been initially thinned by the removal of a series of
small longish flakes mainly oblique to the point long-axis, to a lesser
extent by the removal of vertical flakes. Basal edges are smoothed.
Browns Valley points are rare and have an estimated age of from 9,000 to
8,000 years. Similar points excavated in Wyoming have a comparable age
of almost 8,000 years.
AGATE BASIN POINTS
Agate Basin points were first recognized at a bison kill site between
Newcastle and Lusk in eastern Wyoming. The bison were probably of a
recent type, but this is not certain.
Agate Basin points are slender lanceolate in shape. Both the upper and
lower lateral edges are gently rounded. Lower lateral edges on some,
however, may be nearly straight and contracting slightly to the base.
They are usually broadest above mid-section. The base is either straight
or rounded, although on some specimens it may be bluntly pointed. Length
varies from 6.0 to 15.0 cm., width from 2.0 to about 3.0 cm. Workmanship
is quite fine. Initial shaping was by direct or indirect percussion.
Flake scars are consistently sub-parallel and at right angles to the
point long-axis. Thinning of lateral edges was by pressure retouch.
Lower lateral edges are smoothed, the base rarely so. Basal thinning was
achieved during initial retouch and is at right angles to the point
long-axis.
Although the age range of Agate Basin points is uncertain, it is
probable that they belong to a later stage of the Early Man point
sequence.
GOLONDRINA POINTS
Golondrina points were defined on the basis of specimens found at the
Devils River Site on the Rio Grande in southwest Texas.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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