Early Man Projectile Points in the SouthwestHonea, Kenneth
History
Early Man Projectile Points in the Southwest
Honea, Kenneth
Arrowheads; Indians of North America -- Implements; Indians of North America -- Southwest, New
An estimated age of from 9,000 to 5,000 or even 4,000 years ago has been
suggested for Meserve points. They are thus in part contemporaneous
with, and have been found with, Plainview points. Meserve points are
found throughout most of the Southwest, as far north as Canada, and in
the Midwest states. They appear to be most common on the Llano Estacado.
SCOTTSBLUFF I POINTS
[Illustration: _Scottsbluff I_]
[Illustration: _Scottsbluff II_]
[Illustration: _Eden_]
Projectile points of the type Scottsbluff were first defined on the
basis of specimens recovered from a bison kill site near Scottsbluff,
Nebraska.
The over-all shape of Scottsbluff I points is either lanceolate or
triangular. Upper lateral edges are usually straight, but they may be
faintly rounded. Characteristic of this type is a broad stem and faint
shoulders. Parallel edges of the stem are straight; sometimes they may
expand towards the base. The small shoulders, the widest part of these
points, are cut inwards at right angles to the point long-axis. The stem
base is straight or slightly rounded, very rarely slightly concave.
Average dimensions range from about 5.0 to 15.0 cm. in length; width at
the shoulders is from 2.4 to 3.5 cm., and width at the stem base 2.0 to
3.0 cm. Workmanship on most Scottsbluff I points is well executed.
Initial shaping was carried out by direct or indirect percussion.
Typical of many Scottsbluff I points are the longish parallel flake
scars produced during this stage of retouch. They are at right angles to
the point long-axis and are of the transverse type. On others patterning
of flake scars is more irregular. Lateral edges of some may be
secondarily pressure retouched. Both the stem lateral edges and base are
smoothed.
Scottsbluff I points have a suggested age range of from 9,500 to about
7,000 years. They are known to occur not only in Nebraska, but in New
Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Arkansas, Colorado, Wyoming,
Montana, Washington, and in Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia.
SCOTTSBLUFF II POINTS
These points are probably of the same age and distribution as those of
the Scottsbluff I type.
Scottsbluff II points are morphologically quite similar to those of the
Scottsbluff I type with these exceptions: the lateral edges of the point
body on Scottsbluff II points are straight, giving this portion of the
point a definitely triangular outline; in addition, the point body is
relatively broader at the shoulders, and the shoulders are more markedly
offset from the stem than on Scottsbluff I points. Also, the former are
generally shorter and thinner than those of the latter type.
EDEN POINTS
Eden points bear a great deal of resemblance to Scottsbluff points, with
which they are sometimes found. Dissimilarities are pointed out below.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account