Ecology of the Opossum on a Natural Area in Northeastern KansasFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Ecology of the Opossum on a Natural Area in Northeastern Kansas
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Opossums
When the same opossum was trapped two or more times within a few days,
weight was usually found to fluctuate sometimes more than 200 grams,
or more than 10 per cent of the animal's body weight. Opossums
recaptured soon after their original capture and toe-clipping were
generally found to have lost weight, reflecting the deleterious effect
of marking by this method. The temporary laming of the animals
prevented them from traveling as far or as fast as they normally would
have; consequently they probably obtained correspondingly less food.
They were also handicapped in digging, grasping and climbing. Nineteen
such animals taken within a month of the original capture and marking,
averaged 94 per cent of their original weights. The minimum was 82 per
cent. Only 2 of the 19 had gained.
The stumps of amputated toes did not heal rapidly in
opossums--contrary to experiences with many other kinds of mammals,
reptiles, and amphibians also marked by toe-clipping. For many weeks
the toes remained unhealed, sore and swollen. In several instances
after periods of months the clipped toe stumps were unhealed. This was
observed even in some of the opossums that were marked as pouch young
and recaptured when grown to nearly adult size.
Some adult opossums trapped were heavier than the 2000-gram capacity
of the spring scale usually used in the field, and no definite weights
were recorded for most of these animals. Some of them that were caught
near the laboratory were brought there for weighing.
Even within the same age- and sex-group at any one time, opossums
varied widely in general condition and in weight. Some were emaciated
and sickly in appearance with sparse, ragged pelage, while others were
in excellent condition, fat and with thick, glossy pelage. Seasonal
trends are partly obscured by these differences in individuals, by the
tendency to lose weight in those recently marked, and by the irregular
fluctuations that occur in each animal.
[Illustration: FIGURE 5. Weight changes in opossums
live-trapped; lines connect successive weight records of the
same individual, showing, in most, a downward trend throughout
the winter and early spring, and an upward trend in late
spring.]
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