Ecology of the Opossum on a Natural Area in Northeastern KansasFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Ecology of the Opossum on a Natural Area in Northeastern Kansas
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Opossums
Tracking of opossums suggested that having once left the home den, an
animal ordinarily did not return until it had finished its nightly
foraging, and wandered more or less at random over its home range.
Successive capture sites for any one opossum might be near together or
far apart with respect to its over-all range, but on the average, they
would be separated by approximately half the breadth of the home range
assuming the animal's activity to be evenly distributed over the whole
area. Each of twenty-two opossums was caught at only two different
trapping stations. For this group, the average distance between
stations was 761 feet (657 feet for seven males and 810 feet for 15
females) indicating home ranges of approximately 42 acres in extent.
Each of ten opossums was caught at three different stations; for these
the distances between the first and second stations, between the first
and third and between the second and third comprise three distinct
movement records, and the average of all three probably affords a
more reliable figure for the radius of the home range than does the
single movement available for each of the 22 animals captured at only
two stations. For these average individual movements the mean of this
whole group of 10 was 841.5 feet. Each of five opossums was taken at 4
different trapping stations, and for each of these a record of six
different movements was available. The average was 1016 feet. For the
37 opossums caught at two, three or four different trapping stations,
the mean distance was 817 feet; this is an indication of home ranges
of approximately 48 acres in extent. Each of thirteen opossums was
caught at five or more trapping stations. The distribution of these
stations affords a crude idea of the extent and position of each
animal's home range, but ordinarily it might be expected that the area
included between capture sites would be less than the animal's actual
home range, because relatively few of the sites of capture would be on
the margin of the home range. For this group, maximum distances
between trapping stations averaged 1954 feet suggesting a home range
of nearly 70 acres, larger than that computed for the opossums caught
at only two, three, or four stations. However, for those caught at
five or more stations, the time involved averaged longer and probably
some had altered their ranges to invade new areas. Ranges may have
been broadly oval rather than circular so that the maximum diameter
measured between stations exceeded somewhat the average range diameter
for each animal.
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