Egyptian decorative art : $b A course of lectures delivered at the Royal InstitutionPetrie, W. M. Flinders (William Matthew Flinders)
History
Egyptian decorative art : $b A course of lectures delivered at the Royal Institution
Petrie, W. M. Flinders (William Matthew Flinders)
Decoration and ornament -- Egypt
It became elaborated under Seti I., with markings upon it, both on a
dress of a god and on a throne-cover. And it became degraded into an
unintelligible pattern under Ramessu II., when it appears as the dress
of the god Amen.
In later times the same pattern was used on columns at Philæ, in an
inverted and very corrupt form.
[Illustration: 100.—L.D. I. 108.]
The other forms of feather pattern shown on the Antef coffin were also
found later. But they merge so readily into mere line patterns that it
is not likely that they were regarded as feathers in their later use.
The V pattern is found on the columns at Tell el Amarna, on belts of the
kings (L.D. III. 1), on painted wooden columns (P. 73), on the harps of
Ramessu III. (P. 114), and many other places.
The use of flowers for ornament is so natural that their occurrence in
the earliest times is what might be expected. Yet but few flowers were
adopted for decoration. The lotus is far the commonest, after that the
papyrus, the daisy, and the convolvulus, together with the vine and
palm, almost complete the material of vegetable designs. There is also,
however, what may be called a generic flower ornament—the rosette—which
is treated so conventionally that it can hardly receive any precise
name. Sometimes in the XVIIIth dynasty it is clearly a daisy, very
seldom has it the pointed petals of the lotus; and it fluctuates between
the geometrical and the natural so as to defy details. One cause of this
is the evident effect of leather work. The coloured leather funereal
tent of Isiemkheb, found at Deir el Bahri, opens our eyes to a great
deal. We there see an elaborate design, descending to long inscriptions
of small hieroglyphs, all worked by cutting and stitching of leather.
After this we can see in many of the Egyptian designs the influence of
leather work; and nowhere is this plainer than in the rosettes. The
earliest rosettes we know, those on the head-band of Nefert, at the very
beginning of monumental history, are plain discs of colour divided into
segments by white lines across them. These are discs of leather secured
by radiating threads; and the same are seen in the XVIIIth dynasty, more
varied by concentric circles of colours, probably successive superposed
discs stitched down one over the other.
[Illustration: 101.—P. 81.]
[Illustration: 102.—P. 116.]
[Illustration: 103.—P. 116.]
Another stitch ornament is seen on the stuffs used for covering thrones
in the XXth dynasty. There star and cross patterns are used which are
evidently stitch work or embroidery; and in the spaces are discs of
colour with white spots around, probably pieces sewn on by stitches
round the edge. On a dress of Ramessu II. also are little six-pointed
stars, which were doubtless stitch work.
[Illustration: 104.—R.S. lxxxiii.]
[Illustration: Fig. 105.]
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