Einstein's Theories of Relativity and Gravitation: A selection of material from the essays submitted in the competition for the Eugene Higgins prize of $5,000 — John Shaqi
Einstein's Theories of Relativity and Gravitation: A selection of material from the essays submitted in the competition for the Eugene Higgins prize of $5,000Bird, J. Malcolm (James Malcolm)
Philosophy
Einstein's Theories of Relativity and Gravitation: A selection of material from the essays submitted in the competition for the Eugene Higgins prize of $5,000
Bird, J. Malcolm (James Malcolm)
Relativity (Physics)
It will be noted that in this and the chapters immediately following
it, the Editor has supplied material freely. The obvious interpretation
is that satisfactory material covering the desired ground was not
found in any of the essays; for we are sure the scope and number
of the credited excerpts will make it clear that all contributions
were adequately scrutinized in search of available passages. This
"inadequacy" of the competing essays has been severely commented
upon by several correspondents, and the inference drawn that as
a whole the offerings were not up to the mark. Such a viewpoint
is wholly unjust to the contestants. The essays which paid serious
attention to the business of paving the way to relativity necessarily
did so at the expense of completeness in the later paragraphs where
specific explanation of the Einstein theories was in order. Mr. Law,
whose essay was by all means the best of those that gave much space
to introductory remarks, found himself left with only 600 words
in which to tell what it was that he had been introducing. The
majority of the contestants appear to have faced the same question
as to subject matter which the Judges faced, and to have reached
the same decision. They accordingly devoted their attention toward
the prize, rather than toward the production of an essay that would
best supplement that of the winner. It is for this very reason that,
in these preliminary chapters, so large a proportion of the material
has had to be supplied by the Editor; and this very circumstance is
a tribute to the good judgment of the competitors, rather than ground
for criticism of their work.
The general introduction of Chapter II. out of the way, Chapters
III. and IV. take up the business of leading the reader into the
actual subject of relativity. The subject is here developed in what
may be called the historical order--the order in which it took form in
Einstein's own mind. Both in and outside the contest of which this book
is the outcome, a majority of those who have written on relativity
have followed this order, which is indeed a very natural one and
one well calculated to give to the rather surprising assumptions of
relativity a reasonableness which they might well appear to the lay
mind to lack if laid down more arbitrarily. In these two chapters
no effort is made to carry the argument beyond the formulation of
the Special Principle of the relativity of uniform motion, but this
principle is developed in considerably more detail than would be the
case if it were left entirely to the competing essayists. The reason
for this is again that we are dealing with a phase of the subject
which is of subordinate importance so far as a complete statement of
the General Theory of Relativity is concerned, but which is of the
greatest significance in connection with the effort of the layman to
acquire the proper preliminary orientation toward the larger subject.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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