4. In process of time, names would be given to those collections of
pebbles which are met with most frequently. But as long as small
numbers only were required, the most convenient way of reckoning them
would be by means of the fingers. Any person could make with his
two hands the little calculations which would be necessary for his
purposes, and would name all the different collections of the fingers.
He would thus get words in his own language answering to one, two,
three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, and ten. As his wants
increased, he would find it necessary to give names to larger numbers;
but here he would be stopped by the immense quantity of words which
he must have, in order to express all the numbers which he would be
obliged to make use of. He must, then, after giving a separate name
to a few of the first numbers, manage to express all other numbers by
means of those names.
5. I now shew how this has been done in our own language. The English
names of numbers have been formed from the Saxon: and in the following
table each number after ten is written down in one column, while
another shews its connexion with those which have preceded it.
One eleven ten and one[2]
two twelve ten and two
three thirteen ten and three
four fourteen ten and four
five fifteen ten and five
six sixteen ten and six
seven seventeen ten and seven
eight eighteen ten and eight
nine nineteen ten and nine
ten twenty two tens
twenty-one two tens and one fifty five tens
twenty-two two tens and two sixty six tens
&c. &c. &c. &c. seventy seven tens
thirty three tens eighty eight tens
&c. &c. ninety nine tens
forty four tens a hundred ten tens
&c. &c.
a hundred and one ten tens and one
&c. &c.
a thousand ten hundreds
ten thousand
a hundred thousand
a million ten hundred thousand
or one thousand thousand
ten millions
a hundred millions
&c.
[2] It has been supposed that _eleven_ and _twelve_ are derived
from the Saxon for _one left_ and _two left_ (meaning, after ten is
removed); but there seems better reason to think that _leven_ is a word
meaning ten, and connected with _decem_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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