Elements of metaphysicsTaylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Philosophy
Elements of metaphysics
Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Metaphysics
§ 5. We may end this chapter by drawing certain conclusions which follow
naturally from the acceptance of this doctrine. (1) It is clear that the
result we have reached by analysis of what is implied in the
“independent” existence of the physical order agrees with our previous
conclusions as to the general structure of Reality. For we saw in our
last Book that it seemed necessary to hold not only that Reality as a
whole forms a single individual experience, but also that it is composed
of members or elements which are themselves sentient experiences of
varying degrees of individuality. And in our discussion of the unity of
the thing we saw reason to hold that nothing but a sentient experience
can be individual; thus we had already convinced ourselves that if there
are things which are more than complexes of presentations arbitrarily
thrown together for the convenience of human percipients in dealing with
them as unities, those things must be sentient experiences on subjects
of some kind. We have now inferred from the actual consideration of the
physical order that it does, in point of fact, consist of things of this
kind. Our result may thus be said to amount in principle to the logical
application to physical existence of the previously ascertained
conclusion, that only what is to some degree truly individual can be
real.
It is interesting to contrast with this consequence of our metaphysical
attempt to interpret the course of physical nature, the result which
inevitably follows from consistent adherence to the procedure of
descriptive science. The whole procedure of descriptive science depends
upon our willingness to shelve, for certain purposes, the problem
wherein consists the reality of the physical order, and to concentrate
our interest upon the task of adequately and with the greatest possible
economy of hypothesis describing the system of presented contents in
which it reveals itself to our senses. For purely descriptive purposes,
our sole interest in the physical order is to know according to what
laws of sequence one presented content follows upon another. Hence, so
long as we can establish such laws of connection between presented
contents, it is for purely scientific purposes indifferent how we
imagine the Reality in which the sequence of presentation has its
ground. Whether we think of it as a system of finite subjects, the will
of a personal Deity, a complex of primary qualities, or an unknown
substratum, or whether we decline to raise any question whatever about
the matter, the results are the same, so long as our sole object is to
exhibit the sequence of presented sense-contents as regulated by laws
which admit of calculation. Science can go its way in entire
indifference to all these alternative metaphysical interpretations of
the Reality which is behind the phenomenal order.
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