Elements of metaphysicsTaylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Philosophy
Elements of metaphysics
Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Metaphysics
“merely possible” just for want of specific relation to an experience
which is the expression of a definite purpose.
This illustration may lead us on to a further point of the utmost
importance, for it illustrates the principle that the real as opposed to
the merely “possible” or “merely thought of” is always individual. There
was an indefinite number of mathematically conceivable ways from A to B;
there was only one, or at least a precisely determinate number, by which
I could fulfil a concrete individual purpose. (Thus, if I have to make
the journey to B in a given time, I _must_ take the route followed by
the railway.) So universally it is a current common-place that while
thought is general, the reality about which we think and of which we
predicate the results of our thought is always individual. Now, what is
the source or principle of this individuality of the real as opposed to
the generality of the merely conceivable? It is precisely that
connection of reality with actual purpose of which we have spoken. The
results of thought are general because for the purposes of scientific
thinking we isolate the _what_ of experience from its _that_; we
consider the character of what is presented to us apart from the unique
purpose expressed in the experience in which it comes to us. In other
words, the problems of scientific thought are all of the form, “How must
our general purpose to make our thought and action coherent be carried
out under such and such typical conditions?” never of the form, “Of what
must I take account for the execution of this one definite purpose?” The
reason for this difference is at once apparent. In making “this definite
purpose” a topic for reflection, I have _ipso facto_ abstracted its what
from its that and converted it into a mere instance or example of a
certain type. It was only while it remained this purpose as actually
immanent in and determining the immediate experience of actual life that
it was a completely determinate unique _this_; as reflected on it
becomes a type of an indefinite number of similar possibilities.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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