Robinson Crusoe on his island, deprived of the help of his
fellow-men, without the means of carrying on the various arts, yet
finding food, preserving his life, and procuring a certain amount
of comfort; this is the thing to interest people of all ages, and
it can be made attractive to children in all sorts of ways. We shall
thus make a reality of that desert island which formerly served as
an illustration. The condition, I confess, is not that of a social
being, nor is it in all probability Emile's own condition, but he
should use it as a standard of comparison for all other conditions.
The surest way to raise him above prejudice and to base his judgments
on the true relations of things, is to put him in the place of a
solitary man, and to judge all things as they would be judged by
such a man in relation to their own utility.
This novel, stripped of irrelevant matter, begins with Robinson's
shipwreck on his island, and ends with the coming of the ship which
bears him from it, and it will furnish Emile with material, both
for work and play, during the whole period we are considering.
His head should be full of it, he should always be busy with his
castle, his goats, his plantations. Let him learn in detail, not
from books but from things, all that is necessary in such a case.
Let him think he is Robinson himself; let him see himself clad in
skins, wearing a tall cap, a great cutlass, all the grotesque get-up
of Robinson Crusoe, even to the umbrella which he will scarcely
need. He should anxiously consider what steps to take; will this
or that be wanting. He should examine his hero's conduct; has he
omitted nothing; is there nothing he could have done better? He
should carefully note his mistakes, so as not to fall into them
himself in similar circumstances, for you may be sure he will plan
out just such a settlement for himself. This is the genuine castle
in the air of this happy age, when the child knows no other happiness
but food and freedom.
What a motive will this infatuation supply in the hands of a skilful
teacher who has aroused it for the purpose of using it. The child
who wants to build a storehouse on his desert island will be more
eager to learn than the master to teach. He will want to know all
sorts of useful things and nothing else; you will need the curb as
well as the spur. Make haste, therefore, to establish him on his
island while this is all he needs to make him happy; for the day is
at hand, when, if he must still live on his island, he will not be
content to live alone, when even the companionship of Man Friday,
who is almost disregarded now, will not long suffice.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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