In that belief I remained for 50 years. Now, at the age of over 80
years, after long rest from business activities, in revising these
reminiscences for publication, the idea has first occurred to me,
and has grown into a conviction, that my advisers were wrong here as
they had been in every other respect. They overlooked the fact that
the angular velocity of the driving-joint increased equally with that
of the balls, so that the ratio between them would remain constant.
The law that the driving force required increases as the square of
the speed imparted applies only to the original source of power, as,
to the force of the steam exerted in the cylinder of an engine, the
motion of the piston remaining the same, and to the transmitting belts
or gears whose speed also remains the same. At all these points the
force exerted must increase as the square of the speed imparted; but
this does not apply to the pressure exerted in the governor joint. Its
speed does not remain the same, but increases with that of the balls.
So, while the centrifugal force of the balls, changes in which produce
the vertical movements of the counterpoise, varies as the square of
the speed, the force required to be exerted in this joint to drive the
balls, and which produces the friction to retard these movements, does
not increase at all, whatever the speed of revolution may be. This
fact, unobserved by me or any one else so far as I ever heard, has all
the time been the secret, a pretty open secret when once seen, of the
surprising combination of sensitiveness and stability in the action of
this governor which has led to its general use, and at which I myself
have never ceased to wonder because I was ignorant of its cause. This,
however, was not the only time that I builded better than I knew.
I can imagine some persons, after having read the above explanation,
to say, some of them perhaps flippantly, and some possibly sneeringly,
“To a properly educated engineer this is obvious at a glance.” I think
it will be so hereafter, but has it been so hitherto? If any one will
produce the record of its observation I will cheerfully yield to him
the priority and will congratulate him upon it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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